Ch 18 Flashcards
What are the two purposes of the sesamoid bones?
- to increase the mechanical efficiency of the tendon
2. to decrease functional frictional stress as the tendon passes over the boney prominence
Where is the navicular bone located?
anterior to the talus medial aspect on the foot
where is the cuboid located?
lateral aspect of the foot
what is the main supporting ligament of the longitude arch?
calcaneonavicular ligament
what is the purpose of the interphalangeal joint?
flexion and extension
what is the purpose of the metarsophalangeal joint?
flexion, extension, adduction, abduction
what is the tarsometatarsal joint formed by?
metatarsal bones with the cuboid and all three cuneiforms
- what articulates the subtalar joint?
2. What motions does it allow?
- talus and calcaneous
2. inversion, eversion, pronation, supernation
what is the spring ligament called and what does it pass through?
planar calcaneonavicular ligament
passes through the medial longitudinal arch
what are the five periods of the stand phase?
initial contact, loading response, mid stance, terminal stance, pre swing
during the stance phase with initial contact and pre swing (toe off)what are the motions of the tibia in foot?
external rotation of the tibia and supanation
during the stance phase from loading response –>mid stance–>terminal stance what are the motions of the tibia in foot?
internal rotation of the tibia and pronation
what injuries are typically associated with excessive supanation
inversion ankle sprain, tibial stress syndrome, paroneal tendinitis, IT band friction syndrome, trochanteric bursitis
where is the posterior artery normally palpated
1 inch behind the medial malleolus
what is morton test?
What does a positive test indicate?
transverse pressure is applied to the head of the metatarsals, causing sharp pain in the forefoot.
positive test results in neuroma metartarsalgia
how long after a talus fracture can a patient return to play?
6-8months
what is severs disease?
calcaneal apophysitis occurs in young physically active patients ( is a traction injury at the apophysis of the calcaneous (bone protrusion) where the achilles attached.
what is the cause of a cuboid subluxation
pronation and trauma
what can be a suggesstive treatment for a jones fracture?
electrical or ultrasonic bone growth stimulator will promote healing
what do metatarsal stress fractures involve?
stress fracture to second metatarsal (march fracture)
what is sesmoidittis caused by?
repetitive hyper extension of the great toe which results in inflammation, most commonly seen in dancing and basketball.
where is metatarsalgia commonly seen?
under the second and sometimes third metatarsal head.
where is mortons neuroma located?
between the 3rd and 4th metatarsal heads
what is the predisposing factor for mortons neuroma?
pronation
what does turf toe usually result in?
hyperextension resulting in a sprain of the metatarsophalangeal
what is hammer toe caused by?
flexion at the proximal interphylangeal (PIP joint)
what is mallets toe caused by?
flexion at the distal interphylangeal (PIP joint) involving the flexor digitorum longus tendon
what is claw toe caused by?
flexion at the PIP joint and hyperextension at the metatarsalphylangeal (MP joint)
after how many hours can you release a subungual hematoma?
12-24 hours
