ch 14

Question 1

what are the five stages of pathogen infection

Answer 1

• incubation
• prodromal
• acute
• decline
• recovery

Question 2

this stage last from the time a pathogen enters the body until it multiplies to the point where the signs and symptoms of a disease begins to appear. this stage last from a few hours to many months ( during this stage the host may be infected but not infectious)

Answer 2

incubation stage

Question 3

during this stage the pathogenic agent continues to multiples and the host is capable of transferring pathogen to a new host. the patient should be isolated

Answer 3

prodromal stage

Question 4

in this stage the disease reaches its greatest development and the likelihood of transmitting the disease to others is highest

Answer 4

acute stage

Question 5

in this stage the first signs of recovery appear signaling that the infection is ending

Answer 5

decline stage

Question 6

this stage is characterized by apparent recovery from the invading pathogen

Answer 6

recovery stage

Question 7

true or false

the HBV is stronger and more durable than HIV and can spread easily via sharp objects, open wounds and body fluids

Answer 7

true

Question 8

where does the HBV attack and what does it result in

Answer 8

attacks the liver and results in lifelong infection, cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver, liver cancer, and death

Question 9

how is HBV spread

Answer 9

having unprotected sex with and infected person and sharing needles

Question 10

true or false

people who received a HBV vaccine are at no risk to develop it

Answer 10

true

Question 11

what are the signs and symptoms of HBV

Answer 11

flu-like symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, and dark urine

Question 12

what is the likeihood that a patient will recover from HBV

Answer 12

85% by 6-8 wks

Question 13

how long can HBV survive on open surfaces

Answer 13

up to one week

Question 14

true or false

the HBV vaccine is given in 3 doses over 6 months

Answer 14

true

Question 15

what are the two drugs used to treat HCV

Answer 15

inferfernon and ribavirin

Question 16

HIV is a __________ that combines with a host cell

Answer 16

retrovirus

Question 17

how is HIV transmitted

Answer 17

by exposure to infected blood or other body fluida and by intimate sexual contact

Question 18

what are the signs and symptoms of HIV

Answer 18

fatigue, weight loss, muscle or joint pain, painful or swollen glands, night sweats, and fever

Question 19

Individuals with ____ has no protection against event he simplest infections and thus is extremely vulnerable to developing a variety of illness

Answer 19

AIDS

Question 20

after how many years does a patient with AIDS die

Answer 20

after 2 years

Question 21

is there a vaccine for HIV

Answer 21

no

Question 22

is there treatment available to cure patients with AIDS

Answer 22

no

Question 23

which type of food can lead to HAV

Answer 23

milk, shellfish, salad, and sliced meat

Question 24

a waterborne disease and contaminated water and food supplies have been implicated in major outbreaks and foreign countries

Answer 24

HEV

Question 25

true or false
athletes infected with HIV can not be discriminated against and may be excluded from participation only on a medically sound biased

Answer 25

true

Question 26

true or false

mandatory testing for HIV should be used as a screening tool

Answer 26

false due to Americans with disability act and HIPPA

Question 27

at what temperature should contaminated laundry be washed and how long

Answer 27

160F and 25 minutes