Ch. 17 Objectives

Question 1

In process

Answer 1

Be patient

Question 2

ARD- Acid related disorders(3 common forms)

Answer 2

1. dyspepsia- indigestion
2. Heartburn- combo of acid, plus GERD (gastroesophageal reflux)
3. PUD- peptic ulcer disease, inflammation/ulceration of stomach lining

Question 3

Drugs that treat ARD do what??

Answer 3

most drugs decrease or neutralize HCl.

Question 4

H2 blockers

Answer 4

Work on H2 rc to treat ARD

Question 5

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI’s)

Answer 5

Shuts down the proton pump (H+ pump located in stomach’s parietal cells)

Question 6

antacid drugs

Answer 6

neutrailize HCl and this is how they treat ARD

Question 7

What combinations of drugs can be made?

Answer 7

Can combine antacids with an H2 blocker but DON’T combine H2 blockers and PPI’s

Question 8

IBS also called spastic colon

Answer 8

Irritable bowel syndrome. Main problem is bowel spasm that leads to pain, indigestion, nausea, and loose bowels. Not many drugs to treat IBS because they cause other unwanted anticholinergic effects. Some anti-depressants are being prescribed to help with it.

Question 9

anti-cholinergic effects on GI and GU tract

Answer 9

slow down the bowel.

Question 10

You may have a certain type of infectious bacteria

Answer 10

if you do then an antibiotic can be used along with fluid replacement.

Question 11

Are there any non-antibiotic. non-narcotic drugs used for diarrhea?

Answer 11

Yogurt, bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol), Bulk binders that absorb water and toxins in the gut that firm the stool.

Question 12

Bulk-forming laxatives

Answer 12

Safest, retain water in the stool

Question 13

Stool softeners and lubricant laxatives

Answer 13

Create a film around the stool which allows retention of moisture. Usually contain the drug docusate.

Question 14

Stimulant laxatives

Answer 14

NOT meth or epinephrine, increase muscle contractions in the intestinal wall. Some work almost immediately.

Question 15

Salt Solutions and enemas

Answer 15

Attract water into the intestines which helps softens stool and increase intestinal contractions. Work quickly. short-term basis. Used to clear bowels if having surgery.

Question 16

Best laxative?

Answer 16

If nonsurgical situation, a need arises for a laxative is acute then using a stimulant is most effective.

Question 17

Long term use for laxative?

Answer 17

combo of dietary fiber, bulk agents like psyllium, fluid modifications and increased exercise.

Question 18

1st generation antihistamines

Answer 18

Only the 1st generation can pass through the BBB and help with nausea/vomiting.

Question 19

Other nausea/vomiting drugs

Answer 19

Antipsychotics and other dopamine antagonists also help with nausea/vomiting. Though not the primary/therapeutic effect of these drugs. Corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, and cannaboids may be used in certain situations.

Question 20

Best nausea/vomiting drug

Answer 20

Serotonins receptor antagonists (5HT3 antagonists) Can use these drugs with chemo patients, pregnancy, in the ER, and for virtually any episode of nausea/vomiting EXCEPT for motion sickness.

Question 21

2 most common anti-poison drugs used in GI

Answer 21

Syrup of Ipecac. Most used is activated charcoal.

Question 22

Emetics

Answer 22

Induce vomiting, used in accidental overdoses or suicide attempts.

Question 23

Absorption of drug

Answer 23

Activated coal is primarily used but can use hemodialysis in case of an overdose if too much of a drug has already been absorbed.

Question 24

Weight-loss

Answer 24

Prescription weight loss drugs have typically been amphetamine-like “uppers.”