CH 15; Chromosomes And Inheritance

Question 1

Mened Studied (aka Genes)…

Answer 1

Hereditary Factors

Question 2

Mitosis/ Meiosis discovered…

Answer 2

Late 1800’s

Question 3

Chromosome Theory Of Inheritance

Answer 3

genes have specific loci on chromosomes

Question 4

Sex Chromosomes

Answer 4

• # 23
• Male XY (sperm carries one or the other)
• Female XX (Egg only carries One X)
• X bigger than Y

Question 5

When are non- parental phenotypes produced?

Answer 5

when recombination occurs (crossing over @ meiosis)

Question 6

Genetic disorders caused by

Answer 6

alterations in chromosome numbers

larger chromosome, lower in number lead to more severe, spontaneous abortions

Question 7

Normal process of chromatids separating …

Answer 7

disjunction , resulting in “euploidy”

Question 8

Non-Disjunction

Answer 8

homologous chromosomes don’t separate normally

Question 9

Aneuploidy

Answer 9

gametes fertilized with nondisjunction

Question 10

Monosomy

Answer 10

zygote has one copy of particular chromosome

Question 11

Trisomy

Answer 11

3 copies of a particular chromosome

Question 12

Triploidy

Answer 12

3 sets of chromosomes

Question 13

Tetraploidy

Answer 13

4 sets of chromosomes

Question 14

Polyploidy

Answer 14

common in plants, lethal in animals

Question 15

Trisomy 21

Answer 15

• Downs Syndrome
• triploidy @ chromosome 21
• Birth defects and limited mental capacity (1/700)

Question 16

Trisomy 18

Answer 16

• Edwards Syndrome

- Muscle development & control

Question 17

Monosomy 23/X

Answer 17

• One copy @ X chromosome
• Turners Syndrome
• Sterile Female

Question 18

Kleinfelter Syndrome

Answer 18

• trisomy 23; XXY
• Sterile with male genitals
• No 2ndary male characteristics
• Female brain patterns develop

Question 19

Meta- Males

Answer 19

• Trisomy 23 XYY - Fertile Male
• Overproduction Of testosterone
• aggressive/ arrogant

Question 20

Meta- Female

Answer 20

• Trisomy 23 XXX; Fertile Female
• exaggerated monthly cycle
• Overproduction of estrogen