CH 14 Simple Patterns of inheritance Flashcards
Plant Male Organ
Stamen
Plant Female Organ
carpels
Cross Pollination
Dusting one plant with pollen from another
Breeding type Mendel used
True Breeding/ Pure breeding
True Breeding Parent Generation
- P generation
Hybrid offspring of P generation
- F1 (First Filial) generation
- F2 generation occurs when F1 self pollinates
Mendels law of segregation
- Offspring of F2 are phenotypically 75% : 25% (Dominant : Recessive)
Mendel called a ‘gene” …
“a heritable factor”
1st Concept: Alternative versions of genes (+ variation)
Alleles
2nd Concept
for each character an organism inherits 2 alleles (law of segregation)
3rd Concept
Homozygous (true breeding); 2 identical alleles
Heterozygous: 2 Differing Alleles
4th Concept
Sperm & egg only get 1 of the alleles present in somatic cells
Genotype
organisms genetic makeup
Phenotype
Organisms physical appearance
Mendels 1st Law
`Law Of Segregation
Mendels 2nd Law
Law Of independent Assortment
Genetic cross between heterozygotes
Monohybrid Cross
Dihybrids
2 true breeding parents which differ in 2 characteristics
Law of independent assortment states that ; (allele segregation)
Each pair of alleles segregates independently
Inheritance of characteristics deviate when:
- Alleles not completely dominant (incomplete dominance)
- When there are more than 2 alleles (codominance)
- multiple Phenotypes (Pleiotrophy)
Complete Dominance
when hetero/ homozygote phenotypes are identical
Incomplete Dominance
Phenotype “blends”
Co-Dominance
2 dominant alleles affect phenotype in different distinguishable ways
Does a dominant Allele subdue a recessive one
No. They do not interact. They are variations
