Ch 14 Flashcards
Statistical abnormality
Abnormality defined on the basis of an extreme score on some dimension, such as IQ or anxiety
Maladaptive behavior
Some psychological or biological disorder that makes it difficult to adapt to the environment and day to day life
Insanity
A legal term that refers to ones inability to manage ones affairs or one is unaware of the consequences of ones actions
Mental disorder
A significant impairment in psychological functions
Neurodevelopmental disorder
Problems that arise before adulthood (such as autism)
Neurocognitive disorder
Problems not arising until adulthood (Alzheimer’s)
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
Severe mental disorders characterized by a retreat from reality
Bipolar
Depression alternates with periods of mania, meaning the person is agitated, elated, and hyperactive.
Anxiety disorder
Disruptive feelings of fear, apprehension, or anxiety, or distortion, elated, and hyperactive
Trauma and stress and related disorders
Behavior patterns brought on by traumatic stresses
Obsessive compulsive related disorders
Extreme preoccupation with certain thoughts and compulsive performance of certain behaviors
Dissociative disorders
Temporary amnesia, multiple personality, or depersonalizations
Somatic symptoms and related disorders
Physical symptoms for witch their is no obvious physical cause (paralysis, blindness, illness, or chronic pain)
Personality disorders
Maladaptive personality patterns
Sleep-wake disorders
Difficulties falling asleep, staying asleep, waking up or any combination of these
Paraphilic disorders
Deviation in sexual behavior such as (pedophilia, exhibitionism, fetishism, voyeurism, and so on.
Comorbitity (in mental disorders)
They suffer from more than one mental disorder
Psychosis
A withdrawal from reality marked by hallucinations, delusions, personality disorganization
Catatonia
Considered a disorder in its own right, marked by stupor, rigidity, unresponsiveness, posturing, mutism, and sometimes agitated perpose-less behavior
Psychological trauma
A psychological injury or shock, such as that caused by violence, abuse, neglect, separation, etc.
Stress-vulnerability model
A model that attributes mental illness to a combination of environmental stress and inherited susceptibility
Persistent depressive disorder
Moderate depression that persists for two years or more
Major depressive disorder
A mood disorder in which the person has suffered one or more intense episodes of depression
Cyclothymic disorder
Moderate manic and depressive behavior that persists for two years or more
Bipolar 1 disorder vs bipolar 2 disorder
B1 is a mood disorder with episodes of mania and also periods of deep depression.
B2 is a mood disorder where they are mostly depressed but has had one or more episodes of mild mania
Endogenous (in depression)
Depression that appears to be produced from within rather than as a reaction to life events
Postpartum depression
A mild to moderately severe depression that begins within three months following childbirth
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
Depression that occurs only during fall and winter; possibly because of lack of sunlight
Phototherapy
A treatment for SAD that involves exposure to bright, full-spectrum light
Generalized anxiety disorder
General worries of work, relationships, a storm, eta
Agoraphobia
The fear that something extremely embarrassing will happen if one leaves the house or enters an unfamiliar situation
Adjustment disorder
Continues exposure to normal stresses (job loss, illness etc) push an individual ove the edge
Anxiety reduction hypothesis
The self defeating cycle caused by a need for relief from anxiety
Psychopathology
The scientific study of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders.
