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Abnormal Psychology > Ch 14&15-Psychotic disorders > Flashcards

Ch 14&15-Psychotic disorders Flashcards

1
Q

The psychoses

A

A set of disorders involving alterations of perception, thought, consciousness

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2
Q

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Presence or Addition of behaviors

hallucinations, delusions, strange speech, unusual motor behaviors

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3
Q

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Absence of behavior

flat affect (little emotion), lack of motivation, social withdrawal

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4
Q

Acute Schizophrenia (Type I)

A
  • more sudden onset of sx’s

- more positive sx’s

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5
Q

Chronic schizophrenia (Type II)

A
  • More prolonged onset & prolonged history of withdrawal from functioning
  • more negative sx’s
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6
Q

Hallucinations

A

false perceptions

*auditory most common

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7
Q

Delusions

A

deeply entrenched false beliefs

Most common: persecution, thought-broadcasting, thought-insertion, delusions of reference

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8
Q

Loosening of association

A

topics shift quickly without meaning

-product of disordered thinking

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9
Q

odd speech

A

“word salad”
“clanging”
incomprehensible mix of words

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10
Q

inappropriate emotion

A

emotions inappropriate to the environment/to what is currently happening

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11
Q

Loss of ego boundaries

A

sense of merging with one’s environment/others

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12
Q

strange motor behaviors

A

hyperactivity OR hypoactivity

-purposeless motor activities

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13
Q

lack of motivation

A

everything seems to slow down

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14
Q

inappropriate social behavior

A

incapable of picking up on social cues

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15
Q

Catatonia cluster of schizophrenia

A
  • bizarre/unusual body movements
  • lack of movement (rigidity)
  • “waxy flexibility”
  • lots of NEGATIVE sx’s
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16
Q

Disorganized cluster of schizophrenia

A
  • Most bizarre & obvious sx’s
  • incoherent communications
  • inappropriate affect
  • no coherent themes to their delusions/hallucinations
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17
Q

Paranoid cluster of schizophrenia

A
  • all delusions/hallucinations related to persecution themes
  • more functional overall
  • delusions more coherent
  • sx’s respond better to current treatment
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18
Q

undifferentiated cluster of schizophrenia

A

sx’s are mixed & don’t fit into other categories

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19
Q

Prodromal Phase of schizophrenia

A
  • Period of progressive deterioration of behavior

- social withdrawal, decreased performance, change in personal grooming, increase in odd behaviors

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20
Q

Active phase of schizophrenia

A

Period of prominent intense symptoms

-Duration: typically at least 1 month

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21
Q

Residual phase of schizophrenia

A

continuing symptoms of disturbance, but less intense

22
Q

Neuroleptics

A

anti-psychotic drugs

-most widely used in US

23
Q

Tardive Dyskinesia

A

IRREVERSIBLE movement disorder after using neuroleptics

24
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A
  • high fever
  • increase in white blood cells
  • kidney problems
  • liver problems
  • difficulty swallowing
25
Psychodynamic therapy for schizo
not effective, may even worsen symptoms
26
CBT for schizo
may be useful
27
ACT for schizo
can be effective - does not reduce sx's - ->decreases hospitalizations (better functionality)
28
Behavioral therapy for schizo
- social training in social skills | - behavior modification using operant conditioning/positive reinforcement
29
Causes of positive sx's
- Respond better to meds that act on Dopamine | - (too much dopamine at synapse)
30
Dopamine hypothesis
schizophrenia caused by excess of dopamine at synapse - related more to positive sx's - more stongly effected by current meds
31
Causes of negative sx's
- do not respond as well to meds - enlarged ventricles in the brain (cortical atrophy) - may represent a deterioration of brain tissue
32
Culture & display of schizophrenia sx's
Western: more depressive sx's, thought broadcasting, thought insertion -more COGNITIVE & AFFECTIVE sx's Non-western: more visual & auditory hallucinations telling them to do something
33
culture & how sx's interpreted in schizophrenia
schizophrenia diagnosed more often among Asians, Blacks, Hispanics
34
Schizoaffective disorder
- overlap b/w schizophrenia & mood disorder - sx's of schizo & depression/mania (mood disorder prominent) *psychotic sx's must be present even in absence of mood disorder -better prognosis than schizophrenia BUT worse than bipolar/depression
35
Brief psychotic disorder (formerly nervous breakdown)
- delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, prominent affective sx's - sx's must last at least 1 day, but less than 1 month - specifiers: with/without marked stressors
36
schizophreniform disorder
- bridge b/w brief psychotic disorder & schizophrenia | - sx's: same as schizophrenia BUT sx's last 1-6 months
37
Delusional disorders
- single striking delusion-could conceivably be true | - typically remain functional
38
erotomania
delusion that one of higher status is in love or infatuated with you, or potentially could be
39
grandiose delusional disorder
delusion of inflated worth/power
40
jealous delusional disorder
delusion that one's partner is unfaithful
41
persecutory delusional disorder
delusion that one's being persecuted or plotted against
42
somatic delusional disorder
delusion about the body | ex: having body odor
43
shared psychotic disorder
one or more people develop psychotic sx's from their close association with a psychotic individual "buying into someone else's delsuions" -ex: cults
44
Causes of psychotic disorders
genetic links dopamine hypothesis enlarged ventricles unusual family relations
45
enlarged ventricles
evidence towards cortical atrophy | -more associated with negative sx's
46
MRI studies of psychotic disorders
decreased functioning in areas associated with attention, planning, and volition
47
unusual family relations/communications
schizophrenic families: families with a member experiencing psychotic sx's -negativity, emotionally expressive, intrusive, fragmented communication styles
48
diathesis stress model for psychotic disordes
vulnerability + major stressor-->onset of psychotic sx's
49
schizophrenic spectrum disorders
more likely to occur in families of individuals with schizophrenia: - schizotypal PD - schizoid PD - paranoid PD - schizophreniform disorder - delusional disorder - schizoaffective disorder
50
Positive prognostic signs for schizophrenia
- married/stable sexual/social - fewer negative sx's - family history not schizo - presence of affective response in acute stage - onset later - higher SES - competence socially - no history of ECT

Abnormal Psychology (11 decks)

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