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Medical Terminology > Ch. 11 Gastrointestinal System > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

or/o
stomat/o

A

mouth

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2
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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3
Q

dent/o
odont/o

A

tooth

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4
Q

gloss/o
lingu/o

A

tongue

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5
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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6
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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7
Q

enter/o

A

intestines

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8
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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9
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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10
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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11
Q

col/o
colon/o

A

colon (large intestine)

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12
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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13
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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14
Q

an/o

A

anus

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15
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

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16
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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17
Q

bil/i
chol/e

A

bile (gall)

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18
Q

abdomin/o
celi/o
lapar/o

A

abdomen

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19
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder

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20
Q

doch/o

A

duct

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21
Q

hepat/o
hepatic/o

A

liver

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22
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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23
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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24
Q

aerodontalgia

A

tooth pain caused by exposure to air

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25
Q

aphagia

A

inability to eat

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26
Q

dentalgia

A

tooth pain

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27
Q

dyspepsia

A

bad digestion

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28
Q

esophagalgia

A

pain in the esophagus

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29
Q

eupepsia

A

good digestion

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30
Q

gastralgia
gastrodynia

A

stomach pain

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31
Q

gingivostomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth and gums

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31
Q

gingivalgia

A

gum pain

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32
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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33
Q

hyperemesis

A

excessive vomiting

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34
Q

odontalgia
odontodynia

A

tooth pain

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35
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth

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36
Q

stomatodynia

A

mouth pain

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37
Q

constipation

A

difficulty passing feces

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38
Q

diarrhea

A

passing of fluid or unformed feces

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39
Q

dysentery

A

diarrhea
dys/enter/y (bad/intestine/condition)

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40
Q

enterodynia

A

pain in the intestines

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41
Q

hemorrhoid

A

inflammation of the veins surrounding the anus

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42
Q

rectalgia

A

rectum pain

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43
Q

cholecystalgia

A

pain in the gallbladder

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44
Q

jaundice

A

yellowing of skin, tissue, and fluids caused by increased levels of bilirubin in the blood

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45
Q

icterus

A

jaundice

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46
Q

sialorrhea

A

excessive salivation

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47
Q

gastromalacia

A

softening of the stomach

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48
Q

gastroparesis

A

partial paralysis of the stomach

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49
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

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50
Q

gingivoglossitis

A

inflammation of the gums and tongue

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51
Q

glossoplegia

A

tongue paralysis

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52
Q

odontoclasis

A

breaking of a tooth

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53
Q

stomatogastric

A

pertaining to the mouth and stomach

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54
Q

stomatosis

A

mouth condition

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55
Q

anophony

A

sound from the anus

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56
Q

flatus

A

medical term for passing gas Latin: “to blow”

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57
Q

hernia

A

rupture or protrusion of an organ through the wall that normally contains it

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58
Q

steatorrhea

A

excessive fat discharged in the feces

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59
Q

ascites

A

retention of fluid in the peritoneum

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60
Q

biligenesis

A

formation of bile

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61
Q

cholelith

A

gallstone; literally “a stone in the bile”

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62
Q

hepatomalacia

A

softening of the liver

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63
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlargement of the liver

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64
Q

hepatoptosis

A

downward displacement of the liver

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65
Q

pancreatolith

A

stone in the pancreas

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66
Q

sialoangiectasis

A

overexpansion of the salivary vessels

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67
Q

sialolith

A

stone in the saliva

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68
Q

sialostenosis

A

narrowing of the salivary glands

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69
Q

cholangiogram

A

record of the bile vessels (ducts)

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70
Q

cholangiography

A

procedure for mapping the bile vessels (ducts)

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71
Q

cholangiopancreatography

A

procedure for mapping the bile vessels (ducts) and pancreas

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72
Q

cholecystogram

A

record of the bile (gall) bladder

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73
Q

pancreatography

A

procedure for mapping the pancreas

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74
Q

anosigmoidoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the anus and sigmoid colon

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75
Q

endoscope

A

instrument used to look inside

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76
Q

endoscopy

A

procedure of looking inside

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77
Q

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

A

procedure for looking inside the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

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78
Q

esophagoscopy

A

procedure for looking inside the esophagus

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79
Q

fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

A

test of feces to discover blood not visibly apparent

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80
Q

gastroscope

A

instrument for looking at the stomach

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81
Q

gastroscopy

A

procedure for looking at the stomach

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82
Q

laparoscope

A

instrument for looking inside the abdomen

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83
Q

laparoscopy

A

procedure for looking inside the abdomen

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84
Q

nasogastric tube

A

tube inserted through the nose into the stomach

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85
Q

peritoneoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the peritoneum

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86
Q

proctoscope

A

instrument for looking at the anus and the rectum

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87
Q

proctoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the anus and rectum

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88
Q

sigmoidoscope

A

instrument for looking at the sigmoid colon

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89
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the sigmoid colon

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90
Q

colonoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the colon

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91
Q

bariatrics

A

branch of medicine dealing with weight issues

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92
Q

dentifrice

A

toothpaste

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93
Q

dentist

A

specialist in teeth

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94
Q

dentistry

A

branch of medicine dealing with teeth

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95
Q

gastroenterologist

A

specialist in the stomach and intestines

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96
Q

gastroenterology

A

study of the stomach and intestines

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97
Q

orthodontics

A

branch of medicine dealing with the straightening of teeth

98
Q

orthodontist

A

specialist in straightening teeth

99
Q

proctologist

A

specialist in the anus, rectum, and colon

100
Q

proctology

A

branch of medicine dealing with anus, rectum, and colon

101
Q

epigastric

A

upper center portion of the abdomen

102
Q

hypochondriac

A

upper side portions of the abdomen

103
Q

hypogastric

A

lower center portion of the abdomen

104
Q

inguinal

A

lower side portions of the abdomen

105
Q

lumbar

A

middle side portions of the abdomen

106
Q

umbilical

A

middle center portion of the abdomen

107
Q

esophagitis

A

inflammation of the esophagus

108
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

109
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

110
Q

gastroenterocolitis

A

inflammation of the stomach, intestine, and colon

111
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

disease in which acid comes up from stomach and damages the esophagus

112
Q

gingival hyperplasia

A

over-formation of gum tissue

113
Q

glossopathy

A

disease of the tongue

114
Q

glossotrichia

A

over development of bumps on the tongue, making the tongue appear to be hairy

115
Q

periodontitis

A

inflammation of region around the teeth

116
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing of the sphincter at the base of the stomach

117
Q

stomatomycosis

A

fungus condition of the mouth

118
Q

stomatosis

A

mouth condition

119
Q

colitis

A

inflammation of the colon

120
Q

duodenitis

A

inflammation of the duodenum

121
Q

enterocele

A

hernia of the intestines

122
Q

enteropathy

A

disease of the intestines

123
Q

fistula

A

any abnormal passageway in the body that shouldn’t be there

124
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the rectum and the exterior perianal skin

125
Q

colovaginal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the colon and the vagina

126
Q

diverticulitis

A

the inflammation of diverticula in the colon (bulge, hernia, or pouch that forms off the colon)

127
Q

diverticulosis

A

the condition of having diverticula in the colon

128
Q

celiac disease

A

disease of the intestines due to an adverse reaction to gluten

*intense abdominal pains

129
Q

ileitis

A

inflammation of the ileum

130
Q

ileocolitis

A

inflammation of the ileum and colon

131
Q

jejunitis

A

inflammation of the jejunum and ileum

132
Q

malabsorption

A

incomplete or lack pf absorbing nutrients from the intestines

133
Q

proctitis

A

inflammation of the anus and rectum

134
Q

proctoptosis

A

downward displacement of the rectum and anus

135
Q

rectitis

A

inflammation of the rectum

136
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

inflammation of the colon, characterized by ulcers

137
Q

celiomyositis

A

inflammation of the abdominal muscle

138
Q

celiopathy

A

disease of the abdomen

139
Q

cholangitis

A

inflammation of the bile vessels (ducts)

140
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the bile (gall) bladder

141
Q

choledochocele

A

hernia of the common bile duct

142
Q

choledocholithiasis

A

presence of a stone in the common bile duct

143
Q

cholelithiasis

A

presence of a gallstone

144
Q

cirrhosis

A

liver disease named for the change of color in the liver

145
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver

146
Q

hepatoslcerosis

A

hardening of the liver

147
Q

laparocele

A

abdominal hernia

148
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

149
Q

pancreatolithiasis

A

presence of a stone in the pancreas

150
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum

151
Q

sclerosing cholangitis

A

inflammation and hardening of the bile vessels (ducts)

152
Q

sialoadenitis

A

inflammation of the salivary glands

153
Q

sialoadenosis

A

a condition of the salivary glands

154
Q

sialolithiasis

A

presence of salivary stones

155
Q

choleangioma

A

tumor of the bile vessels (ducts)

156
Q

colorectal carcioma

A

cancerous tumor of the colon or rectum

157
Q

esophageal carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of the esophagus

158
Q

hepatocarcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of the liveer

159
Q

hepatoma

A

tumor of the liver

160
Q

antacid

A

agent that neutralizes acid

161
Q

antiemetic

A

agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting

162
Q

cathartic

A

agent that produces bowel movements

163
Q

sialagogic

A

agent that causes salivation

164
Q

esophagectomy

A

surgical removal of the esophagus

165
Q

esophagogastroplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the esophagus and stomach

166
Q

gastrectomy

A

surgical removal of the stomach

167
Q

gastroduodenostomy

A

creation of an opening between the stomach and the duodenum

168
Q

gastroenterostomy

A

creation of an opening between the stomach and the intestines

169
Q

gastrojejunostomy

A

creation of an opening between the stomach and jejunum

170
Q

gastropexy

A

surgical fixation of the stomach

171
Q

gastroplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the stomach

172
Q

gingivectomy

A

surgical removal of gum tissue

173
Q

gingivoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of gum tissue

174
Q

glossoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the tongue

175
Q

glossorrhaphy

A

suture of the tongue

176
Q

glossotomy

A

incision into the tongue

177
Q

odontectomy

A

surgical removal of a tooth

178
Q

anastomosis

A

creation of an opening; a surgical procedure connecting two previously unconnected hollow tubes

179
Q

anoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the anus

180
Q

colectomy

A

surgical removal of the colon

181
Q

colostomy

A

creation of an opening in the colon

182
Q

duodenectomy

A

surgical removal of the duodenum

183
Q

enterectomy

A

surgical removal of the intestines

184
Q

enterorrhaphy

A

suture of the intestines

185
Q

enterotomy

A

incision into the intestines

186
Q

hemicolectomy

A

surgical removal of half (a portion) of the colon

187
Q

hemorrhoidectomy

A

surgical removal of hemorrhoids

188
Q

herniorrhaphy

A

suture of a hernia

189
Q

ileocolostomy

A

creation of an opening between ileum and colon

190
Q

ileorrhaphy

A

suture of the ileum

191
Q

jejunorrhaphy

A

suture of the jejunum

192
Q

jejunostomy

A

creating of an opening in the jejunum

193
Q

jejunotomy

A

incision into the jejunum

194
Q

proctoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the anus and rectum

195
Q

rectopexy

A

surgical fixation of the rectum

196
Q

abdominocentesis

A

puncture of the abdomen (usually for the purpose of withdrawing fluid)

197
Q

abdominoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the abdomen

198
Q

celiotomy

A

incision into the abdomen

199
Q

cholangiogastrostomy

A

creating of an opening between the bile vessel (ducts) and the stomach

200
Q

cholecystectomy

A

surgical removal of a stone from the (common) bile duct

201
Q

choledochoenterostomy

A

creation of an opening between (common) bile duct and the intestines

202
Q

choledocholithectomy

A

surgical removal of a stone from the (common) bile duct

203
Q

choledochotomy

A

incision into the (common) bile duct

204
Q

cholelithotripsy

A

crushing of bile (gall) stones

205
Q

hepatectomy

A

surgical removal of the liver

206
Q

hepaticogastrostomy

A

creation of an opening between the liver and the stomach

207
Q

hepaticotomy

A

incision into the liver

208
Q

hepatopexy

A

surgical fixation of the liver

209
Q

laparoenterostomy

A

creation of an opening between the abdomen and the intestines

210
Q

laparoscopic surgery

A

the use of a laparoscope to perform minimally invasive surgery

211
Q

laparotomoy

A

incision into the abdomen

212
Q

pancreatectomy

A

surgical removal of a pancreas

213
Q

sialoadenoectomy

A

surgical removal of a salivary gland

214
Q

pancreatoduodenectomy

A

surgical removal of the pancreas and duodenum

215
Q

pancreatolithectomy

A

surgical removal of stones in the pancreas

216
Q

sialoadenoectomy

A

surgical removal of a salivary gland

217
Q

sialolithotomy

A

incision to remove salivary stones

218
Q

stomatoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the mouth

219
Q

BE

A

barium enema

220
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

221
Q

CCE

A

cholecystectomy

222
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

223
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

224
Q

EUS

A

endoscopic ultrasound

225
Q

FOBT

A

fecal occult blood test

226
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

227
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

228
Q

HAV, HBV, HCV

A

Hepatitis A virus, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus

229
Q

IBD

A

inflammatory bowel disease

230
Q

IBS

A

irritable bowel syndrome

231
Q

LFT

A

liver function test

232
Q

NGT

A

nasogastric tube

233
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth (nihil per os)

234
Q

N&V

A

nausea and vomiting

235
Q

PEG

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

236
Q

PEJ

A

percutaneous endoscopic jujunostomy

237
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

238
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

239
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

240
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

241
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

242
Q

UGI

A

upper gastrointestinal

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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