Ch. 1-3 Lipids Flashcards
What is formed with each junction of fatty acid
A water molecule
What are the general characteristics of lipids
Give some examples
Not soluble in water
Mostly hydrocarbon chains
Fats, steroids, phospholipids
What occurs in the formation of a lipid
Condensation synthesis
What are the linkages called that link fatty acids
Esther linkage
What are fats composed of
Glycerol and fatty acids
How many fatty acids does triglycerides have
Three
What are the importance of fats
Compact energy source
Cushions vital organs
Provides insulation
Describe the structure of saturated fats
No double bonds between carbons
Straight-chain
Describe the structure of unsaturated fats
At least one double bond between carbon
Hydrocarbon chain is bent
List facts about saturated fats
Usually solid at room temperature
Straight chains allow for tight packing
Most animal fats
List facts of unsaturated fats
Usually liquid at room temperature
Bent chains prevent tight packing
Most plant fats
Describe the structure of steroids
Consist of four fused carbon rings
Three are six sided
One is five sided
Attached functional groups vary
List facts about cholesterol
Precursor of other steroids
Component of animal cell membrane
Contributes to arteriosclerosis
What is the head of a phospholipid composed of
Functional and phosphate
Describe the head of a phospholipid
Hydrophilic and polar
What composes of the tale of a phospholipid
Describe the tail
A glycerol and two fatty acid chains
Hydrophobic
The area between where the tails of the phospholipids come together
Phospholipid bilayer it is nonpolar and hydrophobic
What model was created to show the relationship with phospholipids and water
Fluid Mosaic model
Consists of glycerol and three fatty acid’s
Fat
Energy source
Fat
Consists of glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group
Phospholipid
Triglycerides
Fat
Major component of cell membranes
Phospholipid and steroid
Consists of four fused carbon rings
Steroid
Cushions and insulates
Fat
Why aren’t unsaturated fat solid at room temperature
Because the double bonds cause a kink in the molecule that keeps it from compacting close together to form a solid
