Ch. 1-3 Chemical Bonds Flashcards
What are responsible for bonding
Valence electrons
The attraction that holds molecules together
Chemical bond
Transfer of electrons from one atom to another
Ionic bond
Sharing of electron from one atom to another
Covalent bond
When does ionic bonds occur
When electronegativity is high giving an atom the ability to attract electrons
Occurs when electrons are shared equally
Electronegativity less than 1
Nonpolar covalent bond
What forms as a result of an ionic bond
Cation and anion
Electrons are not equally shared
Electronegativity of 1 or over
Polar covalent bond
What type of bonds are ionic bonds
Weak bonds
Especially in solutions
Attraction between oppositely charged portions of two different molecules
Hydrogen bond
Significance of hydrogen bonds
Very weak and are easily broken
Easily reformed
How is the chemical behavior of an atom determined by it’s electron configuration
Number if valence electrons
Why do atoms form chemical bonds
To complete valence shell
Strongest bonds
Covalent nonpolar
Weakest bond
Hydrogen bond
How can you determine if the bond between two atoms is polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, or ionic
Through electronegativity
If less than 1 nonpolar covalent
If more than 1 polar covalent
If equal to or greater than 2 ionic
How is the shape of a molecule important in biological systems
Shape is directly related to function
Charged atom or molecule
Ion
What is the biological importance of weak bonds
Necessary for chemical reactions
Stabilize molecules
Enzyme catalysts
