cgier 29

Question 1

For a fixed mass of enclosed gas at constant temperature, the product of the pressure (P) and volume (V) remains constant.”

Answer 1

• Boyles law
• P . V = constant
• p1v1 = p2v2

Question 2

For a fixed mass of enclosed gas at constant pressure the ratio of Volume to Temperature is constant”

Answer 2

-Charles law
- V/T = constant ( directly proportional )
- V1/T1 = V2/ T2

Question 3

Charles law sets an absolute lower limit on T at

Answer 3

-273 celicus aka the absolute zero

Question 4

the ideal gas law is the

Answer 4

-combination of boyels and Charles law
- PV = NRT
r= 8.314 j mol k-1
r= universal gas constant
- P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
- temp must be in k

Question 5

the consequence of ideal gas law is

Answer 5

-reduction if temp corrosponds to the reduction of pressure
- so changes in pressure can be made to cause changes in temp
-Refrigerators & Air to (Water) Heat Pumps work by slowly compressing (to avoid heating) a closed volume of refrigerant gas and then rapidly removing the pressure (decompressing) which cools the gas.

Question 6

sudden compression leads to

Answer 6

heating of gas tempreture

Question 7

what pressure is negligible in gasses

Answer 7

gauge pressure effect ( variation of height P= p.g.h). regardless the containers shape, all gas will have the same pressure

Question 8

true or false: air is a mixture of gases and each component of gas ignores the existence of another

Answer 8

true

Question 9

of a gas in a gas mixture is the pressure it would exert if it, alone, occupied the volume.

Answer 9

partial pressure

Question 10

states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases = the sum of partial pressures exerted by the gases if they were present separately

Answer 10

daltons law

Question 11

states that the concentration or solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the surface

Answer 11

• Henry’s law
• this explains why drinks are fizzy

Question 12

what happens to the solubility when we increase the pressure

Answer 12

-solibulty increases , no bubbles formed
- direct relationship

Question 13

what law is relevant to ultrasonic cavitation - which is used to vaporise tumour tissue w/ high intensity ultrasound

Answer 13

Henry’s law

Question 14

Relates the tension in a membrane to the pressure difference on either side.

Answer 14

Laplace law
- p = 2T/R or pi -p o = 2T/R
- t: tension r: radius

Question 15

what 2 laws that produce action in the respiration in the lungs and alveoli for spherical membrane

Answer 15

boyels and Laplace
- boyels law: volume and the pressure within the perual space is controlled by the action of diaphragm
- interpleaural pressure is always less than atmospheric pressure ( except under forced exhalation max= 3 mm hg)

Question 16

during inspiration the diaphragm moves — and the intercostal muscles moves —

Answer 16

down , out
pleural volume increases and the pleaural pressure ( po in Laplace decreases )

Question 17

the drop of pleural pressure leads to

Answer 17

• increase of radius
• increase of tension in the alveolar wall

Question 18

during expiration, the diaphragm and interocostal – leading to – in volume and — in pressure

Answer 18

-relaxes , decrease , increase in pleaural pressure in Laplace
- alveolus constricts

Question 19

gases partially obey

Answer 19

posiillies law

Question 20

a small reduction in airway diameter leads to

Answer 20

extreme breathing difficulty as asthma and croup

Question 21

FOR GRAPHS

Answer 21

check slides 48,49,50