cerebellum (23) Flashcards
what is the putative motor function of the vermis of the cerebellar cortex?
balance, eye movement, reflexes
what is the putative motor function of the paravermal hemisphere of the cerebellar cortex?
sensorimotor integration, movement execution
what is the putative motor function of the lateral hemisphere of the cerebellar cortex?
preparation & planning of movements, fine motor dexterity, eye movements, imagined movements
what is the putative cognitive function of the vermis of the cerebellar cortex?
autonomic arousal, limbic regulation
what is the putative cognitive function of the paravermal hemisphere of the cerebellar cortex?
simple verbal responses to commands
what is the putative cognitive function of the lateral hemisphere of the cerebellar cortex?
verbal association, rule based learning, working memory, problem-solving, monitoring performance, temporal perception
what is the deep nuclei (output nuclei) for the vermis of the cerebellar cortex?
fastigial
vestibular
what is the deep nuclei (output nuclei) for the paravermal hemisphere of the cerebellar cortex?
globose
emboliform
what is the deep nuclei (output nuclei) for the lateral hemisphere of the cerebellar cortex?
dentate
vermis, paravermal hemisphere, lateral hemisphere? which cortex is associated with the middle cerebellar zone?
vermis
vermis, paravermal hemisphere, lateral hemisphere? which cortex is associated with the intermediate cerebellar zone?
paravermal hemisphere
what 3 basic elements is the cerebellum often depicted as consisting of?
- cerebellar cortex
- deep cerebellar nuclei
- long white matter tracts
what are the 6 main types of neurons identified in the cerebellar cortex?
Granule Golgi Purkinje Stellate Basket Lugaro
what two types of neurons are found in the deep cerebellar nuclei?
projection neurons
local interneurons
what are the 3 diff types of NON neuronal cells in the cerebellum?
- radial or “Bergmann” glial cells in the purkinje and molecule layers of cerebellar cortex
- bushy astroglia in the granule layer
- oligodendrocytes in the white matter
what two types of neurons are found in the molecular layer of the cerebellum?
stellate & basket cells
what is the main output cell of the cerebellar cortex?
purkinje cell
are purkinje cells excitatory or inhibitory?
inhibitory
are granule cells excitatory or inhibitory?
excitatory
what are the 2 different ways to get cerebral cortex info to the cerebellum?
through the pontocerebellar pathway and through the rubro-olivary-cerebellar
what/where is the predominant output of the cerebellum
predominantly excitatory (glutamate) tot eh thalamus which then is excitatory to the cerebral cortex
what are the 3 categories of evidence that are used to determine the types of functions of the cerebellum?
- anatomical data
- physiological data
- clinical data
based upon the cerebellum’s connections, the cerebellum’s functions can be divided into what 3 groups
- Vestibulocerebellum (archicerebellum)
- Spinocerebellum (paleocerebellum)
- Cerebrocerebellum (neocerebellum)
what does this sentence describe?
typical neuronal action potentials produced by mossy fiber activation of granule cells-which then leads to parallel fiber activation of purkinje cells
simple spikes
does this sentence describe simple or complex spikes?
“MOMEMNT TO MOMENT CHANGES IN BEHAIVOR”
simple spikes
what does this sentence describe?
“the neuron’s membrane voltage increases rapidly but then stays elevated for an extended period of time. When membrane potential is elevated, the neuron typically fires many APs”
complex spikes
what does asthenia mean?
loss of muscle strength
what is “luciana’s triad”?
- asthenia (loss of muscle strength)
- atonia (loss of muscle tone)
- ataxia (difficulty coordinating & executing voluntary movements)
what does asynergia mean?
difficulty coordinating muscle actions
what does dysmetria mean?
poorly directed movements that often miss targets & deviate from the “quickest” path
what does a decomposition of movement mean?
normal complex movements become broken down into a single movement involving single joins
what does Dysdiadochokinsea mean?
inability to make rapidly alternating movements
what part of the cerebellar pathway does the essential tremor arise from?
from the pathway between the inferior olive and the deep nuclei
