association cortex (28) Flashcards
what are the main functions of the association cortices?
advanced perception & attention to detailed PLANNING
what cortice is this describing:
“ visual forms, objects, textures, auditory prosody, syntax”
temporal association cortices
what cortices is this describing:
“attention & intention”
parietal association cortices
which cortex is involved in sensing somesthesis?
parietal association cortex
what cortex is this describing:
“ spatial, object working memory, planning, withholding responses”
frontal association cortices
how many layers do association cortices usually have?
all have 5 and most have 6
what cells are found in layers 2 &3 of the association cortices?
pyramidal cells
what cells are found in layer 4 of the association cortices?
stellate cells
where do the cells in layer 2 project to?
other cortical areas
where do the cells in layer 3 project to ?
cortical areas of the opposite hemisphere
where do the cells in layer 5 project to?
to subcortical structures (striatum, superior colliculus)
where do the cells of layer 6 project to?
the thalamus
what layer does the thalmus input information into the association cortices?
layer 4
true or false:
the thalamus projections info into layer 4 of the motor cortices
false
because the primary motor cortices do not have a layer 4, information is projected to 3&5
what stream is considered the who/what pathway?
the ventral stream
where does the who/what pathway project to? (in terms of cortex)
the ventral premotor area
what musculature is controlled by the ventral stream?
the distal musculature
what stream is the where/when pathway?
the dorsal stream
what type of musculature does the dorsal stream control?
proximal muscles
what does agnosia mean?
impairment of object recognition
what does achromatopsia mean?
achromatopsia
what does prosopagnosia mean?
impairment of facial recognition
what does aleia mean?
impairment of word recognition
what does apraxia mean?
object utilization/tool use deficits
what does it mean if a person is “blind-sighted”? when can this occur?
the person doesn’t know that they can see
can occur if the primary visual areas have been damaged but the temporal association areas are still intact
what can breakdown of teh dorsal stream cause?
hemineglect, inattention & impaired spatial accuracy
what can a right hemisphere parietal lobe lesion cause?
severe left neglect
what can a left hemisphere parietal lesion cause?
minimal right neglect
what can partial bilateral parietal lesion cause?
severe right neglect
what is metacognition?
integration of sensory info & pausing the motor responses and monitoring of outcomes
how the association cortices have the ability to support “the most meaningful selections of behavior to achieve desirable outcomes”
what changes can you see in people with schizophrenia & ADHD?
they don’t activate the prefrontal cortices areas as much as “normal” people
