Cellular adaptations and accumulations II

Question 1

What are the three categories of intracellular accumulations?

Answer 1

1. Normal substance produced at increased rate - inadequate removal 2. Normal or abnormal substance accumulates - genetic 3. Abnormal exogenous substance deposited - cannot be removed

Question 2

What are atheromas?

Answer 2

Cholesterol laden aggregates found in the intimal layer of the aorta and large arteries - filled with lipid vacuoles

Question 3

What are cholesterol clefts?

Answer 3

Extracellular crystallizations formed from lipids released from ruptured foam cells

Question 4

What are Russell bodies?

Answer 4

Accumulations of antibodies within plasma cells

Question 5

What are Mallory bodies?

Answer 5

Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions composed of cytoskeletal kertain filaments; characteristically seen in alcoholic liver disease

Question 6

What are examples of intracellular hyaline change?

Answer 6

Protein droplets in renal tubules, Russell bodies, Mallory alcoholic hyalin, viral inclusions

Question 7

What are examples of extracellular hyaline change?

Answer 7

Collagenized scar, damaged glomeruli, hyaline arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, amyloid

Question 8

Hemosiderin is derived from what molecule?

Answer 8

Hemoglobin

Question 9

Intracellular storage of iron is via what molecule?

Answer 9

Hemosiderin

Question 10

What molecule is responsible for forming hemosiderin granules during local or systemic iron excess?

Answer 10

Ferritin

Question 11

What do hemosiderin pigments represent?

Answer 11

Ferritin micelles

Question 12

Does bilirubin contain iron?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

What are serum calcium levels like during dystrophic calcification?

Answer 13

Normal

Question 14

What are serum calcium levels like during metastatic calcification?

Answer 14

Elevated

Question 15

What is the end product of dystrophic calcification?

Answer 15

Crystalline calcium phosphate