Cells and Mrs. Gren

Question 1

What are the seven characteristics of living organisms?

Answer 1

Movement, reproduction, sensitivity, growth, respiration, excretion and nutrition.

Question 2

What is movement?

Answer 2

A change in place or position of an organism.

Question 3

What is reproduction?

Answer 3

The ability to produce more of the same species of organism.

Question 4

What is respiration?

Answer 4

The process of breaking down glucose and food nutrients which gives organisms energy.

Question 5

What is sensitivity?

Answer 5

The ability to react to and detect changes in the surroundings.

Question 6

What is growth?

Answer 6

The permanent increase in size and number of cells in an organism.

Question 7

What is excretion?

Answer 7

The removal of toxic and unnecessary waste from the body.

Question 8

What is nutrition?

Answer 8

The taking in of food (organic molecules) into the body.

Question 9

What features of cells cannot be seen under a light microscope, only under electron microscopes?

Answer 9

Ribosomes, mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 10

What is the function of the ribosome?

Answer 10

Creates protein molecules in the cell.

Question 11

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 11

To carry out aerobic respiration in the cell and provide energy for it.

Question 12

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 12

They make photosynthesis possible and have a pigment (clorophyll) which is responsible for turning plants green.

Question 13

What is the function of a cell membrane?

Answer 13

It controls the movement in and out of cells, since it is only semi-permeable.

Question 14

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 14

It is where all other organelles are placed in and it is where many chemical reactions take place.

Question 15

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 15

It controls everything the cell does and it contains DNA (genetic material).

Question 16

What are three features that a plant cell contains that an animal cell does not?

Answer 16

• chloroplasts- large central vacuole- cell wall

Question 17

What is the function of a cell wall?

Answer 17

It provides support for the cell and keeps it from bursting when placed in a hypotonic solution.

Question 18

What is the function of a vacuole?

Answer 18

It stores substances and helps the cell to maintain its structure.

Question 19

What is the function of a ciliated cell, and what does it have to help it support its function?

Answer 19

Its function is to sweep mucus from the trachea and bronchus away, and in order to help it do so it has tiny cilia, tiny projecting structures.

Question 20

What is the function of a nerve cell, and what does it have to help it support its function?

Answer 20

A nerve cell sends electrical impulses throughout the body and they contain extensions/branches to help them communicate between each other.

Question 21

What is the function of a red blood cell, and what does it have to help it support its function?

Answer 21

It is used to carry oxygen throughout the body and its large surface area (disc) with no nucleus allows it to hold more oxygen.

Question 22

What is the function of a palisade mesophyll cell, and what does it have to help it support its function?

Answer 22

Its function is to carry out photosynthesis in leaves and it has many chloroplasts to help it do so.

Question 23

What is the function of a root hair cell, and what does it have to help it support its function?

Answer 23

It absorbs mineral ions and water from the soil and it has an extension that increases surface area for it to absorb these nutrients.