4. Biological Molecules

Question 1

What are carbohydrates composed of?

Answer 1

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 2

What is the simplest form of a carbohydrate?

Answer 2

monosaccharide.

Question 3

What are three large carbohydrate molecules?

Answer 3

Starch, glycogen and cellulose.

Question 4

What are fats composed of?

Answer 4

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 5

What molecules make up fats and oils? What do these form?

Answer 5

Fatty acids and glycerol. Three fatty acids and one glycerol = triglyceride.

Question 6

What is a carbohydrate monomer?

Answer 6

Monossacharide

Question 7

What is a carbohydrate polymer?

Answer 7

Polyssacharide

Question 8

What is a fat polymer?

Answer 8

Triglyceride

Question 9

What are proteins composed of?

Answer 9

Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen

Question 10

What is the simplest forms of proteins?

Answer 10

Amino acids

Question 11

What is a protein monomer?

Answer 11

Amino acids

Question 12

What is a protein polymer?

Answer 12

Polypeptides

Question 13

What are examples of protein polymers?

Answer 13

Insulin, amylase, dopamine…

Question 14

How do you test for reducing sugars (glucose)? How do you know if the test was positive or negative?

Answer 14

You use Benedict’s solution and a boiling water bath.
Positive: closer to red on the rainbow
Negative: closer to blue on the rainbow

Question 15

How do you test for fats? How do you know if the test was positive or negative?

Answer 15

You use ethanol.
Positive: milky/cloudy
Negative: colorless

Question 16

How do you test for protein? How do you know if the test was positive or negative?

Answer 16

You use Buiret solution.
Positive: purple
Negative: blue

Question 17

How do you test for starch? How do you know if the test was positive or negative?

Answer 17

You use iodine.
Positive: blue/black
Negative: orange/brown

Question 18

How do you test for vitamin C? How do you know if the test was positive or negative?

Answer 18

You use DCPIP.
Positive: colourless
Negative: blue

Question 19

What does iron do for our body?

Answer 19

Produces haemoglobin.

Question 20

What does vitamin C do for our body?

Answer 20

It boosts our immune system.

Question 21

What does water do for our bodies?

Answer 21

Moves nutrients and waste products throughout the body.

Question 22

What does fiber do for our body?

Answer 22

Helps with peristalsis and keeps food running smoothly through the alimentary canal.

Question 23

Describe the structure of a DNA molecule.

Answer 23

• two strands coiled together to form a double helix
• each strand contains chemicals called bases
• bonds between pairs of bases hold strands together
• bases always pair up in the same way: A with T, and C with G

Question 24

monosaccharide

Answer 24

the simplest form of a carbohydrate

Question 25

What is one of the simplest carbohydrates?

Answer 25

glucose

Question 26

what are starch, glycogen and cellulose made from

Answer 26

glucose

Question 27

quem vai tirar A*?

Answer 27

eu

Question 28

Describe que structure of DNA (4 marks)

Answer 28

1. two strands coiled together to form a double helix
2. each strand contains chemicals called bases
3. bonds between pairs of bases hold the strands together
4. the bases always pair up in the same way: A with T, and C with G