cell structure (osmosis)

Question 1

what is osmosis?

Answer 1

diffusion of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane, from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential

Question 2

what is an example of a solution?

Answer 2

salty water

Question 3

what is an example of a solvent?

Answer 3

water

Question 4

what is an example of a solute?

Answer 4

salt

Question 5

what is water potential?

Answer 5

the pressure exerted by moving water molecules

Question 6

what is water potential measured in?

Answer 6

kpa

Question 7

what is the water potential of pure water?

Answer 7

0kpa

Question 8

what happens to water potential when more solutes are added?

Answer 8

becomes more negative

Question 9

what does hypotonic mean?

Answer 9

the surrounding solution has a higher water potential, water moves in which means the cell could burst

Question 10

what happens to the cell when the surrounding solution is hypotonic?

Answer 10

becomes turgid, the protoplast presses against the cell wall

Question 11

what does hypertonic mean?

Answer 11

surrounding solution has a lower water potential, water moves out and the cell shrivels

Question 12

what happens to the cell when the surrounding solution is hypertonic?

Answer 12

the membrane begins to pull away, makes the cell flacid= plasmolysed

Question 13

what does isontic mean?

Answer 13

two solutions have the same water potential, no net water movement

Question 14

what happens to the cell when the surrounding solution is isotonic?

Answer 14

cell membrane just begins to pull away- incipient plasmolysis

Question 15

what does the rate of osmosis depend on?

Answer 15

water potential
thickness of the exchange surface
surface area