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biology paper 1 > cell structure (eukaryotic cells) > Flashcards

cell structure (eukaryotic cells) Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

which organelles do animal cells contain?

A 
plasma membrane 
rough endoplasmic reticulum 
smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
nucleus 
nuclear envelope 
nucleolus
mitochondria 
cytoplasm 
golgi apparatus 
ribosome 
lysosome
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2
Q

which additional organelles do plant cells contain?

A

chloroplasts
plasmodema
vacuole
cell wall

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3
Q

what are the similarities between plant and fungal cells?

A

have the same organelles, including a cell wall and chloroplasts

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4
Q

what are the differences between plant and fungal cells?

A

fungal cell walls are made of chitin not cellulose

fungal cells don’t have chloroplasts

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5
Q

what is the structure of the cell surface membrane?

A

phospholipid bilayer

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6
Q

what is the function of the cell surface membrane?

A

controls entry and exit into the cell

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7
Q

what is the structure of the nucleus?

A

surrounded by a nuclear envelope with pores, contains chromosomes and nucleolus

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8
Q

what is the function of the nucleus?

A

site of DNA replication and transcription

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9
Q

what is the structure of the mitochondria?

A

double membrane, inner membrane is the cristae, contains a fluid matrix and loops of DNA

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10
Q

what is the function of the mitochondria?

A

to produce energy

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11
Q

what is the structure of the chloroplasts?

A

double membrane, thylakoid membranes, stroma contains enzymes for photosynthesis

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12
Q

what is the function of the chloroplasts?

A

contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis

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13
Q

what is the structure of the vacuole?

A

fluid filled, surrounded by tonoplast

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14
Q

what is the function of the vacuole?

A

aim is to keep the cell turgid, temporary store

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15
Q

what is the structure of the Golgi apparatus?

A

flattened sacs

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16
Q

what is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

A

process and package lipids and proteins

make lysosomes

17
Q

what is the structure of the golgi vesicle?

A

fluid filled sac

18
Q

what is the function of the golgi vesicle?

A

stores lipids and proteins made by the Golgi apparatus and transports them out of the cell

19
Q

what is the structure of lysosomes?

A

bags of digestive enzymes

20
Q

what is the function of lysosomes?

A

lysozymes are digestive enzymes which digest invading cells or invading parts of the cell

21
Q

what is the structure of ribosomes?

A

made of proteins and RNA

22
Q

what is the function of ribosomes?

A

protein synthesis

23
Q

what is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

folded membrane with ribosomes

24
Q

what is the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

folded membrane (no ribosomes)

25
Q

what is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

folds and processes proteins

26
Q

what is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

synthesises and processes lipids

27
Q

what is the structure of the cell wall?

A

made of cellulose/chitin

28
Q

what is the function of the cell wall?

A

structural strength

biology paper 1 (34 decks)

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