Cell speciliastion Flashcards
What are specilised cells
These are cells that have adapted to complete specific functions
How are sperm cells adapted for reproduction
How are muscle cells adapted for contraction
Sperm cells are streamlined and have lots of mitochondria so they have enough energy to move. They have a tail to move and enzymes to break down the egg cell.
Muscle cells are long and have lots of mitochondria so they have enough energy to carry out a lot of tasks.
Explain binary fission
The circular DNA strands duplicate in the cell
Then they move to opposite poles of the cell
The cytoplasm divides and a new cell walls begin to form
Two daughter cells are formed having one loop of DNA and a variable of plasmids
What are stem cells
Stem cells are undiferentiated cells that can adapt to become any cells
What are the two types of cells
Describe them
Embryonic stem cells can change into any cell. They come from the embryo.
Adult stem cells come from the bone marrow and can change into some cells.
Where are a plants stem cells found and what are they called
Meristems are found in the roots and tips of plants.
How to calculate surface area to volume ratio
Multiply all sides to get volume.
Surface area is sides x how many there are
What are chromosones
Chromosones are coiled up lengths of DNA
What is the purpose of the nerve cell and describe it
The function is to carry electrical signals from one part of the body to the next. They are long to cover distance and have branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells.
