Structure of plants

Question 1

Get a paper to write or fully describe in words

Describe and explain the leaf fully

Answer 1

The leaf is an organ made up of many different cells.
The top layer is the upper epidermis which has a waxy cuticle that protects the leaf and prevents evaporation. the upper epidermis consists mainly of transparent cells to let light pass into the palisade mesophyll layer.
This layer is made up of palisade cells that photosynthesise a lot. As they have lots of chloroplasts. The bottom layer is the spongy mesophyll and has holes so that gas exchange can occur. The stomata are openings that allow gas exchange. tThe guard cells open and close these stomata

Question 2

What is transpiration and a transpiration stream

Answer 2

Transpiration is the loss of water in the leaves through evaporation the stream means it is continous.

Question 3

What is xylem’s jobs in a plant

Answer 3

Provides water to cell to keep them turgid
Provides water to cells for photosynthesis
Transports mineral ions to leaves

Question 4

3 things on the structure of xylem

Answer 4

Xylem carries water and minerals.
Made of dead cells and thick walls stengthened with lignin
One way transport

Question 5

What is translocation

Answer 5

The movement of sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant

Question 6

What is phloems job in the plant

Answer 6

Moves dissolved sugars made in the leaves during photosynthesis to other parts of the plant
This allows for respiration growth and glucose storage.

Question 7

3 things about phloems structure

Answer 7

Carries water and dissolved sugars
Cells have end walls with small holes to allow substances to flow through
two way transport

Question 8

What factors affect Transpiration

Answer 8

Temp- higher temp evaporates water quicker
Humidity-lower humidity increases the concentration gradient as air is drier
Wind speed-more wind removes water quickly so increase concentration gradient
Light intensity-Stomata open wider to take in CO2 so water can leave.

Question 9

Why do root hair cells have lots of mitochndria

Answer 9

Active transport goes againt the concentration gradient. this requaires lots of energy. the mitochondria repire aloowing for the absoprtion of mineral ions like nitrates and magnesium