Ecology Flashcards
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What is the difference between a population and a community
Population is all the organisms of one species living in a habitat whilst Community is the populations of different species living in a habitat
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What is the difference between the biosphere and the ecosystem
The biosphere refers to a specific zone which includes the lithosphere atmosphere hydrosphere. Which is the land air and water.
An ecosystem is the interaction of the community of living organisms with the non living parts of their enviroment
What are habitats niches and biotic and abiotic factors?
Habitats are where an organism lives.
A niche is the role an organism has in an enviroment
Biotic is living factors
Abiotic is non living factors like water
What do organisms compete for plants and animals
Plants need light/space/water/ions soil
Animals need space/food/water/mates
Whats is interdependence
Interdependence is when each species depends on each other for things like food/shelter/pollination
What is a food chain
What is a food web
A linear chain with one producer presenting the transfer of energy by arrows.
Multiple food chains connected with producers and consumers
Example of abiotic and biotic factors
Abiotic:Light/Temperature
Biotic:New Predators/Pathogens
What is an adaptation
An adaptation is a change in an organism due to their surroundings or enviroment
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3 types of Adaptations
Structural are features like shape or colour like whales have blubber.
Behavioural are how they act like birds migrating to warmer places
Functional inside the body like reproduction or metabolism like bears slow their metabolism so that they can hibernate. Internal functions
What is a stable community
This is when there is more prey than predators and they are in balance. There is also enough producers
What is a quadrat
A grid of known area used to estimate the population of a species in an area
What is the difference between random and systematic sampling
Random could be using a number generator or throwing the quadrat in random spots
Systematic is using a transect every set distance
What is a transect
A transect is a straight line where ecological measurements are taken. These section of different parts of a map. You can use a tape measure.
What are trophic levels
These are different stages of the food chain. They consist of one or more organisms that have a specific role.
What is in trophic level 1/2/3/4
1:Producers
2:Primary Consumer/Herbivore
3:Secondary Consumer/Carnivore
4:Tertiary Consumer/Apex
