Digestion Flashcards
Enzymes,Practicals
What is the path of digestion
Mouth,Oesophagus,Stomach,Small intestine,Large intestine,Rectum
WHat are the accsesory organs in digestion and what do they do
Liver produces bile,Gallbladder stores bile, Pancreas releases protease carbohydrase lipase into small intestine
Can use paper to write
What does each organ in the digestive system do
Mouth mechaical digestion salivary glands produce amylase. Oesophagus brings food down to stomach. Stomach pummels food with muscular walls. Acid kills bacteria and lets protease break down protein. Small intestine releases all enzymes and absorbs nutrients into blood. Large intestine absorbs water. Rectum stores waste
Three adaptations of the small intestine
There is a constant blood supply so lots of diffusion can occur.
Capillaries are present and once cell thick which allows for faster diffusion.
Villi and microvilli invrease surface area to volume ratio
What things does bile do
Emulsifies fats which makes them into smaller droplets. It neutralises the stomach so that lipase can work well on these smaller substances.
What are the three enzymes and what do they break down
Protease+Protein>Amino Acids
Lipase+Lipids>Glycerol+Fatty Acids
Carbohydrase+Starch>Maltose which is broken down by maltase into glucose
What things denature enzymes
pH temperature and concentration of substrate and enzymes
WHat is the lock and key theory
Substratee is the key andit fits into the lock which is enzyme and comes out as the product which could be protein to amino acids.
What are the four tests for products and what are they testing
Benedicts reagent-Sugar
Biuret-Proteins
Sudan III-Lipids
Iodine-Starch
What colours will the solutions change to if the product is there or not
Benedicts- Changes from blue to yellow/green/brick red
Iodine- CHange from browny-orange to black/blue black
Biuret-Blue to purple/pink
Sudan III-Change to top layer red bottom layer clear
How do you prepare all the food tests
5cm3 of sample for all tests except biuret
75c waterbath for benedicts reagent then 10 drops then leave for 5 minutes
Few drops of Iodine into food sample and shake
2cm3 food sample 2cm3 Biuret drops then shake
3 drops of Sudan III gently shake
