cell parts Flashcards
Explain the nucleus
tells cell what to do
Control centre, contains chromatin and a nucleolus
Explain chromatin
Long DNA, instruction manual: stores genetic info
Explain the nucleolus
The fat part of the nucleus
Creates RNA to make ribosomes (small spheres)
ribosomes are made rRNA and proteins
sends mRNA to ribosome to make proteins
on membrane you can find nuclear pores, the mRNA comes through them
what does ER stand for?
endoplasmic reticulum
Explain the types of ER
Rough ER:
Ribosomes, production of proteins, transport proteins using vesicles
Smooth ER:
No ribosomes, produces lipids cholesterol and hormones, detoxification
Explain the Golgi body
receives vesicles and modifies proteins
adds lipids and carbs
Protein folding and exportation
Explain the mitochondria
generates ATP
Cellular respiration
Contains own DNA
explain a lysosome
contains digestive enzymes, destroy pathogens (white blood cells)
Explain the cytoplasm
jelly like fluid
Contains dissolved solutes
What is within the cytoskeleton?
Microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, centrioles, cillia, flagella
Explain microtubules
The largest of three fibres
Made of tubulin (protein)
structural support and transport
It makes cilia and flagella and centrioles
Explain microfilaments
smallest of three fibres
Made of ACTIN protein
elongation and contraction
Intermediate filaments explain
They are in the middle of size compared to 2 other fibres
provide mechanical support
Explain centrioles
Cell division, mitotic spindle made of microtubules
pulls apart chromosomes
Explain cilia
Tiny short hair like structure
made of microtubules
