Cell Parts Flashcards
home to the DNA; DNA will never leave it; where ribosomes are made (nucleoli); has a nuclear envelope
Nucleus
a membrane that separates it from the rest of the cell
nuclear envelope
a “bag” around the cell; made up of the phospholipid bilayer
Plasma Membrane
Two parts of the phospholipid bilayer
Hydrophilic- outside
Hydrophobic- inside; also stops water-soluble particles from entering
must be relatively constant despite changing conditions
Membrane Fluidity
move things in or out of cells; they can usually be opened or closed; extremely selective; type of membrane proteins
Transport Proteins
help the inside and outside of the cell communicate; works together with transport proteins
Receptor Proteins
like integrins, help cells stick in place; some grab onto other integrins on other cells, “holding hands”
Adhesion Proteins
stick carbon chains into extracellular space, forming a glycocalyx around a cell; this is a cells “ID”
Glycoproteins
fills space inside membrane; outside nucleus; has three main parts
Cytoplasm
jelly-like fluid that fills space (a part of cytoplasm)
Cytosol
“machinery” of cell, float in cytosol
Organelle
other pieces, like fat droplets, proteins, or pigments
Inclusions
powerhouse of the cell; glucose is broken down by enzymes, turned into ATP; numbers vary widely by cell type
Mitochondria
sites of protein synthesis; mostly made of protein and RNA; not in nucleus; some float in cytosol, and others attach to endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes
