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NURS 321 > CBT > Flashcards

CBT Flashcards

1
Q

What is behaviour therapy?

A

Focuses on directly observable behaviour and applies classical/operant conditioning as treatment. Field of BT is vast and complex.

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2
Q

What’s classical conditioning

A

Occurs prior to learning and creates a response to a stimulus through pairing. Like giving dogs a treat paired with bell then they salivate (response).

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3
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

Leanrning that involves behaviours that are influenced by consequences. What occurs following a behaviour that reinforced positive, negative, or punishment.

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4
Q

What is social cognitive theory?

A

Reciprocal interaction between environment, personal factors, and individual behaviour. Assumes individuals are capable of self directed behaviour. Self efficacy (individuals ability to master a situation and bring about change).

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5
Q

Goals of BT?

A

Aims to increase persons skills/give them options in choosing a response. Goals are client led/specific/measurable. Goals are clear/concrete and can be altered throughout treatment. Ultimate goal is to increase personal choice/create new conditions for learning.

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6
Q

Characteristics of BT?

A

It’s rooted in scientific principles, behaviours can be operationally defines, deals with current problems, clients must assume active/engaged role, change can occur without examining underlying issues, assessment is ongoing, and interventions tailored to each person.

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7
Q

Therapists role in BT?

A

Conduct assessment (behavioural analysis) based on ABC model. Identify specific antecedent and consequent events that influence behaviours.

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8
Q

WHat is ABC model in BT?

A

A- antecedents: particular situation or event that elicits…
B- behaviour- problematic reaction that results in…
C- consequences- events that maintain behavior

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9
Q

Client therapist relationship in BT?

A

Collaborative working relationship that has warmth/empathy/authenticity but those aren’t enough to create change.

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10
Q

Positive reinforcement?

A

Adding something valued by person to increase targeted behaviour like getting good grades.

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11
Q

Negative reinforcement?

A

When something unpleasant is removed to increase desired behaviour like practicing new coping skills in order to get ride of negative outcomes

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12
Q

What is extinction?

A

Withholding reinforcements and can occur through repeated exposure

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13
Q

What is positive punishment?

A

Unpleasant condition added to help behavior decrease (add scolding to decrease texting in class).

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14
Q

Negative punishment?

A

Reinforcing stimulus is removed in attempt to decrease specific behaviour. Like wanting to decrease picking on sister by taking away video games

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15
Q

What’s progressive muscle relaxation?

A

Helps clients cope with stress/achieve mental and muscle relaxation. Can be easily learned and should be exercised daily. Involves instructions on tensing/relaxing muscle groups

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16
Q

What’s systematic desensitization?

A

Clients imagine anxiety provoking events while engaging in behaviour that competes with anxiety. Clients will become less sensitive to anxiety provoking event. Time consuming

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17
Q

What is in vivo exposure and flooding?

A

Both involve introducing client to situations that contribute to problems. Flood- like in vivo but involves intense/prolonged exposure. In vivo exposure (live exposure) is when clients engage in brief series of exposures to feared events. Therapist will be trained and monitor clients anxiety states.

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18
Q

What is eye movement desensitization and processing? EMDR

A

Exposure therapy that involves assess, prep, flooding, and cognitive restructuring. Developed to treat PTSD. Helps client with traumatic memories and involves use of rapid/rhythmic eye movements. Less triggering than other therapies and done by trained professional.

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19
Q

Social skills training?

A

Help client develop skills in interpersonal competence. Involves assess, direct instructions, coaching, modeling, role playing, and homework/].

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20
Q

Self management programs and self directed behaviour?

A

Therapists share their knowledge/info to help others develop skills/strategies to deal with problems- through books, online, workshops. Cost effective

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21
Q

True or false: homework is often involved in BT

A

True

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22
Q

What is multimodal therapy?

A

Developed by arnold lazarus. Grounded in social cognitive learning therapy and focuses on relationship requirements/treatment strategies that will work best for client. Therapist has active role as coach, educator, and role model

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23
Q

What is mindfulness?

A

Develop awareness through being intentionally present and focusing in moment

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24
Q

Acceptance based approach meaning?

A

Accepting the present experience without judgement and instead being curious/kind to yourself?

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25
Q

What in mindfulness based stress reduction?

A

8 week program, trains clients in mindfulness mediation (e.g. yoga) helps promotes sense of responsibility over wellbeing and helps clients live in present.

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26
Q

What is mindfulness based cognitive therapy?

A

8 week program, integrates parts of MBSR and teaching/behavior skills, kindness and self compassion are essential

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27
Q

What’s dialectical behaviour therapy?

A

Ultimate goal is build a life worth living. Behaviour change results from replacing maladaptive behaviours with skillful ones. It’s time consuming

28
Q

WHats acceptance and commitment therapy?

A

Belen’s acceptance/mindfulness strategies. Seeks to help clients embrace their difficult experiences and encourages practitioners to use ACT principles. Useful in chronic pain, panic disorders, substance use

29
Q

BT strengths and limits?

A

S- some clients appreciate structure, BT not emotion focused (important for some cultures), specific/task orientated and deals with present, focus on environmental conditions

W- therapists must be aware of influence of race/gender… on outcomes, therapists may examine individual too closely

30
Q

What is CBT?

A

Individuals often have faulty thinking which leads to emotional/behaviour disturbances. Therapy is orientated toward cognition/behaviour and stresses role of thinking/deciding/questioning/doing/redeciding. Helps people identify dysfunctional thought and replace with positive patterns

31
Q

Triangle of emotion, though, and behaviour?

A

What we think affects how we act/feel, what we do affect how we think/feel, and what we feel affects what we think/do.

32
Q

10 key concepts of CBT?

A
  1. Active- client actively engaged
  2. Problem orientated-
  3. Motivational- therapist motivate client to change
  4. Psychoeducation- teach client by role model, instructions, role playing
  5. Directive- treatment plan help client understand/contribute to their recovery
  6. Solution focused- work to generate solutions
  7. Structured- session have beginning, middle, end
  8. Dynamic- help client identify/understand their world
  9. Collaborative
  10. Time limited
33
Q

What is rational emotive behaviours therapy? REBT

A

By albert ellis, emphasize importance of creating/maintaining acceptance of ones self/others/life. Assumptions (people contribute to their psychosocial problems by rigid/extreme beliefs they hold).

34
Q

ABC model of personality for REBT?

A

A- activating events
B- individuals belief about activating event
C- emotional consequence

35
Q

Emotional disturbance REBT?

A

3 basic musts that lead to self defeat: i must do well to be loved/gain approval, others must trust me fairly/be kind, my life/world must be comfortable, gratifying and just to provide me with all my needs

36
Q

Therapeutic process of CBT?

A

Clients taught skills/given tools to identify/dispute irrational beliefs, clients learn how to replace irrational thoughts with effective cognitions, gives them ability to deal with problems

37
Q

Goals of CBT?

A

Assist client in achieving unconditional self acceptance, unconditional other acceptance, and unconditional life acceptance. Also challenge faulty beliefs with evidence gathered

38
Q

Therapist role in CBT?

A

Point out/dispute clients irrational thoughts, demonstrate to clients how they reindoctrinate themselves with these thoughts, help clients change thinking, develop good rapport.

39
Q

Client therapist relationship in REBT and CBT?

A

Therapist is teacher, teach ABC model, collaborative, insight gained/self defeating thinking is proactive.

40
Q

Different types of cognitive techniques?

A

Dispute irrational beliefs, homework, bibliography, psychoeducation, socratic dialogue, and changing language/thinking patterns

41
Q

Dispute irrational beliefs technique?

A

Therapists disputes clients irrational beliefs and teaches them how to challenge them

42
Q

Homework?

A

Clients make list of their problems, look for absolute beliefs, and dispute these believes. They reflected on how they contribute to their problems.

43
Q

Bibliography?

A

Reading REBT self help books

44
Q

Changing language and thinking patterns?

A

replace musts with preferences

45
Q

Pyschoeducation?

A

Books, videos, articles

46
Q

Socratic dialogue?

A

Open discussion between therapist and client that explores how accurate and helpful the clients thoughts are through questioning and curiosity. Therapist does not judge

47
Q

Emotive techniques?

A

Rational emotive imagery, humour, role playing, shame attacking exercise

48
Q

What is rational emotive imagery?

A

Intense mental practice of imagining worst thing that could happen/describe their feelings, then develop emotions that help manage these worse things

49
Q

Humour?

A

Help clients develop and foster a sense of humour and how to not take themselves too seriously

50
Q

Role playing?

A

Rehearsing roles to bring about feelings/then learn how to manage them (role playing a conversation)

51
Q

Shame attacking exercises?

A

Help clients reduce shame/anxiety over behaving in certain ways

52
Q

Client experience in CBT?

A

Focus on clients experiences in the now, doesn’t place value on dream work, clients should actively work outside of therapy on it

53
Q

What is CT?

A

Developed by aaron beck, set out to develop evidence based therapy for depression, goal is to help clients become aware of negative thinking that influences depression

54
Q

What is negative cognitive triad?

A

Self- self criticism (negative views about self)
World- pessimism (negative views about world, why does no one care about me)
Future- hopelessness (negative views about future, things will never get better)

55
Q

Assumptions of CT?

A

clients can access thought processes through introspection, individual beliefs have personal meaning, and people can discover meaning themselves

56
Q

Principles of CT?

A

Psychological distress is exaggeration of normal human functioning. Faulty thinking is primary cause of exaggerated emotions/behaviours. Beliefs help determines the distress someone will experience. Change in beliefs=change in behaviour/emotions.

57
Q

What is arbitrary inference?

A

Conclusion drawn without evidence. Like loud bang while sleeping then think someone’s breaking into their house

58
Q

What is selective abstraction?

A

forming conclusions on isolated detail while ignoring other info (get good feedback from some but one person doesn’t give you good feedback then you think you’re not good)

59
Q

Overgeneralization?

A

holding extreme beliefs based on one incident.

60
Q

Magnification or minimization

A

viewing something in greater or lesser light than
then actual event

61
Q

Personalization?

A

relating external events to yourself, even if there is no basis for the connection. like sister posts on getting job promotion then you think your life sucks

62
Q

Labeling/mislabeling?

A

Portraying yourself based on imperfections/past mistakes.

63
Q

Dichotomous thinking?

A

categorizing experiences as either-or extremes. Like all or nothing thinking

64
Q

Goals of CT therapy?

A

Help clients learn practical skills to make changes to thought/behaviour/emotions. Focus on present problems and provide symptoms relief. Change beliefs and behaviours that cause problems.

65
Q

What therapeutic thecniqes to use for CT?

A

Cognitive, emotive, and behavioural techniques

66
Q

What is strength based CBT?

A

Developed by christine padesky and kathleen mooney. Shares similar principles of CBT and emphasizes client strengths throughout treatment (more fully engaged client).

67
Q

What’s cognitive behaviour modification?

A

Combines elements of BT and CT. Made by donald meichenbaum. clients must be aware of how they think/feel/behave/the impact this has on others before change can happen. Therapist not seen as expert

NURS 321 (11 decks)

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