CBC and the Peripheral Smear Flashcards
What does MCH stand for?
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
What is another name for Burr cells?
Echinocytes
When do schistocytes appear?
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (HUS, TTP, DIC), burns, HELLP, mechanical heart valves
What does MCHC stand for?
Mean Corpuscular Hgb Conc.
What does a Dohle Body look like?
a pale blue incision at the periphery of the cytoplasm of a neutrophil
How will the RBCs appear in hereditary spherocytosis?
as spherocytes
What is another name for Spur cells?
Acanthocytes
What does Babesiosis look like?
very intense round dots with vacuoles inside and outside the RBCs
How is MCHC calculated?
= HGB/HCT × 100
RBCs that are small, spherical, and w/o central pallor are called?
spherocytes
Describe Target cells.
central hemoglobin gives target shape
What is another name for Echinocytes?
Burr cells
What causes Pappenheimer bodies?
iron overload, postsplenectomy, asplenia
What are Cold Agglutinins?
RBC clumping b/c of cold temperature
What do Henz bodies look like?
blue spots in pale cells- Denatured/oxidized hemoglobin attached to the inner cell membrane
How is DIFF # calculated?
= (DIFF% × WBC)/100
When are spherocytes seen?
immune hemolytic anemia
What does DIFF% stand for?
NE%, IG%, LY%, MO%, EO%
What does RET% stand for?
Reticulocyte Percentage
Why are the RBCs in hereditary elliptocytosis longer than they are wide?
a defective spectrin α chain
What causes ovalocytes?
vitamin B12 or folate deficiency
What is another name for Acanthocytes?
Spur cells
How is MCH calculated?
= HGB/RBC × 10
When are sickle cells seen?
in Hb SS
When would Howell-Jolly bodies be seen?
post-splenectomy, asplenia, megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplasia
What does WBC stand for?
White Blood Cell count
What do sickle cells look like?
banana shaped
What are bite cells?
RBCs with a bite-like defect or hemighost cell
How does Plasmodium falciparum appear?
as small rings or double chromatin dots w/i the RBCs; banana-shape gametocytes
What does RET# stand for?
Absolute Reticulocyte Number
What does RBC stand for?
Red Blood Cell count
How do teardrop cells look?
they are teardrop or pear shaped with a single elongated tail
How is MCV calculated?
= HCT/RBC × 10
Hereditary spherocytosis is associated with the ____.
ankyrin mutation
How do cells appear in hereditary elliptocytosis?
length 2x the width
What does HPC stand for?
Heme Progenitor Cells
What are spherocytes?
RBCs that are small, spherical, and w/o central pallor
What does MCV stand for?
Mean Corpuscular Volume
What is Basophilic stippling?
evenly dispursed fine blue granules of aggregated ribosomes and rRNA
When are stomatocytes seen?
Alcohol, dilantin, Rh null, or hereditary stomatocytosis
A spectrin α chain defect leads to _____.
hereditary elliptocytosis
What does DIFF # stand for?
Absolute Count NE#, IG#, LY#, MO#, EO#, BA#
When would Henz bodies appear?
with G6PD
What is a Howell-Jolly body?
RBC with a single, dense blue dot of nuclear DNA remains
What does MPV stand for?
Mean Platelet Volume
How will the RBCs appear in immune hemolytic anemia?
as spherocytes
When do Dohle Bodies appear?
infection, inflammation, burns, or pregnancy
How is RET# calculated?
= (RET% × RBC)/100
______ is associated with the ankyrin mutation.
Hereditary spherocytosis
What does MCH stand for?
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
When would Echinocytes be seen?
acute renal failure or pyruvate kinase deficiency
What do stomatocytes look like?
elongated, central pallor, mouth-like
What does HGB stand for?
Hemoglobin Concentration
What causes bite cells?
the spleen removes the Heinz body- G6PD
Why does neutrophil Toxic Granulation (Hypergranularity) occur?
Due to rapid cell division (not enough time to dilute)
Henz bodies are commonly seen with _____.
bite cells
Ovalocytes are seen in __________.
megaloblastic anemia
What does MCV stand for?
Mean Corpuscular Volume
What does PLT stand for?
Platelet Count
What is a Rouleaux formation?
loss of RBC repulsion and negative charge, causing adhesions of cells like a stack of coins
What does NRBC stand for?
Nucleated RBC count
G6PD is associated with _____ cells.
bite
When are Acanthocytes seen?
liver disease, Abetalipoproteinemia, McLeod phenotype
Describe Echinocytes.
Many sharp projections, even distribution, central pallor
Describe Acanthocytes.
few blunt projections, irregular distribution, no central pallor
What causes Basophilic stippling?
lead poisoning, porphyria, infections
How should normal RBCs look on a peripheral smear?
circular, uniform in size (6-8um), central pallor
What is a Pappenheimer body?
RBC with multiple blue dots of iron
______ are seen in megaloblastic anemia.
Ovalocytes
When does neutrophil Toxic Granulation (Hypergranularity) occur?
Bacterial infection, Marrow recovery ,Stimulation G(M)- CSF
What is a schistocyte?
a fragmented RBC- “helmet cell”
What are ovalocytes?
large, ovoid RBCs
When would Target cells be seen?
Thalassemia, hemoglobin C, iron deficiency, liver disease
On a peripheral smear, what is the RBC appearance in iron deficiency anemia?
small with larger central pale area (microcytic and hypochromatic)
What does HCT stand for?
Hematocrit
