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Blood and Lymph > CBC and the Peripheral Smear > Flashcards

CBC and the Peripheral Smear Flashcards

1
Q

What does MCH stand for?

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

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1
Q

What is another name for Burr cells?

A

Echinocytes

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2
Q

When do schistocytes appear?

A

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (HUS, TTP, DIC), burns, HELLP, mechanical heart valves

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3
Q

What does MCHC stand for?

A

Mean Corpuscular Hgb Conc.

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3
Q

What does a Dohle Body look like?

A

a pale blue incision at the periphery of the cytoplasm of a neutrophil

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4
Q

How will the RBCs appear in hereditary spherocytosis?

A

as spherocytes

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5
Q

What is another name for Spur cells?

A

Acanthocytes

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5
Q

What does Babesiosis look like?

A

very intense round dots with vacuoles inside and outside the RBCs

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6
Q

How is MCHC calculated?

A

= HGB/HCT × 100

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6
Q

RBCs that are small, spherical, and w/o central pallor are called?

A

spherocytes

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6
Q

Describe Target cells.

A

central hemoglobin gives target shape

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7
Q

What is another name for Echinocytes?

A

Burr cells

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7
Q

What causes Pappenheimer bodies?

A

iron overload, postsplenectomy, asplenia

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8
Q

What are Cold Agglutinins?

A

RBC clumping b/c of cold temperature

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9
Q

What do Henz bodies look like?

A

blue spots in pale cells- Denatured/oxidized hemoglobin attached to the inner cell membrane

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10
Q

How is DIFF # calculated?

A

= (DIFF% × WBC)/100

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10
Q

When are spherocytes seen?

A

immune hemolytic anemia

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12
Q

What does DIFF% stand for?

A

NE%, IG%, LY%, MO%, EO%

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13
Q

What does RET% stand for?

A

Reticulocyte Percentage

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13
Q

Why are the RBCs in hereditary elliptocytosis longer than they are wide?

A

a defective spectrin α chain

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13
Q

What causes ovalocytes?

A

vitamin B12 or folate deficiency

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13
Q

What is another name for Acanthocytes?

A

Spur cells

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15
Q

How is MCH calculated?

A

= HGB/RBC × 10

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16
Q

When are sickle cells seen?

A

in Hb SS

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17
Q

When would Howell-Jolly bodies be seen?

A

post-splenectomy, asplenia, megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplasia

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19
Q

What does WBC stand for?

A

White Blood Cell count

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20
Q

What do sickle cells look like?

A

banana shaped

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21
Q

What are bite cells?

A

RBCs with a bite-like defect or hemighost cell

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22
Q

How does Plasmodium falciparum appear?

A

as small rings or double chromatin dots w/i the RBCs; banana-shape gametocytes

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24
Q

What does RET# stand for?

A

Absolute Reticulocyte Number

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25
Q

What does RBC stand for?

A

Red Blood Cell count

25
Q

How do teardrop cells look?

A

they are teardrop or pear shaped with a single elongated tail

26
Q

How is MCV calculated?

A

= HCT/RBC × 10

27
Q

Hereditary spherocytosis is associated with the ____.

A

ankyrin mutation

29
Q

How do cells appear in hereditary elliptocytosis?

A

length 2x the width

30
Q

What does HPC stand for?

A

Heme Progenitor Cells

31
Q

What are spherocytes?

A

RBCs that are small, spherical, and w/o central pallor

32
Q

What does MCV stand for?

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume

33
Q

What is Basophilic stippling?

A

evenly dispursed fine blue granules of aggregated ribosomes and rRNA

34
Q

When are stomatocytes seen?

A

Alcohol, dilantin, Rh null, or hereditary stomatocytosis

35
Q

A spectrin α chain defect leads to _____.

A

hereditary elliptocytosis

37
Q

What does DIFF # stand for?

A

Absolute Count NE#, IG#, LY#, MO#, EO#, BA#

38
Q

When would Henz bodies appear?

A

with G6PD

39
Q

What is a Howell-Jolly body?

A

RBC with a single, dense blue dot of nuclear DNA remains

41
Q

What does MPV stand for?

A

Mean Platelet Volume

42
Q

How will the RBCs appear in immune hemolytic anemia?

A

as spherocytes

42
Q

When do Dohle Bodies appear?

A

infection, inflammation, burns, or pregnancy

43
Q

How is RET# calculated?

A

= (RET% × RBC)/100

44
Q

______ is associated with the ankyrin mutation.

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

45
Q

What does MCH stand for?

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

46
Q

When would Echinocytes be seen?

A

acute renal failure or pyruvate kinase deficiency

48
Q

What do stomatocytes look like?

A

elongated, central pallor, mouth-like

49
Q

What does HGB stand for?

A

Hemoglobin Concentration

51
Q

What causes bite cells?

A

the spleen removes the Heinz body- G6PD

52
Q

Why does neutrophil Toxic Granulation (Hypergranularity) occur?

A

Due to rapid cell division (not enough time to dilute)

53
Q

Henz bodies are commonly seen with _____.

A

bite cells

55
Q

Ovalocytes are seen in __________.

A

megaloblastic anemia

56
Q

What does MCV stand for?

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume

57
Q

What does PLT stand for?

A

Platelet Count

58
Q

What is a Rouleaux formation?

A

loss of RBC repulsion and negative charge, causing adhesions of cells like a stack of coins

60
Q

What does NRBC stand for?

A

Nucleated RBC count

62
Q

G6PD is associated with _____ cells.

A

bite

62
Q

When are Acanthocytes seen?

A

liver disease, Abetalipoproteinemia, McLeod phenotype

63
Q

Describe Echinocytes.

A

Many sharp projections, even distribution, central pallor

64
Q

Describe Acanthocytes.

A

few blunt projections, irregular distribution, no central pallor

66
Q

What causes Basophilic stippling?

A

lead poisoning, porphyria, infections

67
Q

How should normal RBCs look on a peripheral smear?

A

circular, uniform in size (6-8um), central pallor

68
Q

What is a Pappenheimer body?

A

RBC with multiple blue dots of iron

69
Q

______ are seen in megaloblastic anemia.

A

Ovalocytes

70
Q

When does neutrophil Toxic Granulation (Hypergranularity) occur?

A

Bacterial infection, Marrow recovery ,Stimulation G(M)- CSF

71
Q

What is a schistocyte?

A

a fragmented RBC- “helmet cell”

72
Q

What are ovalocytes?

A

large, ovoid RBCs

73
Q

When would Target cells be seen?

A

Thalassemia, hemoglobin C, iron deficiency, liver disease

74
Q

On a peripheral smear, what is the RBC appearance in iron deficiency anemia?

A

small with larger central pale area (microcytic and hypochromatic)

75
Q

What does HCT stand for?

A

Hematocrit

Blood and Lymph (24 decks)

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