Catabolic and Anabolic Pathways, and Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Name the catabolic pathways

Answer 1

Glycogenolysis, glycolysis, pentose phosphate shunt, lipolysis, beta oxidation of fats

Question 2

catabolic pathways

Describe glycogenolysis

Answer 2

Glycogen to glucose

Question 3

catabolic pathways

Describe glycolysis

Answer 3

Glucose to pyruvate

Question 4

catabolic pathways

Describe pentose phosphate shunt

Answer 4

Glucose is converted to other sugars, especially ribose 5 phosphate

Question 5

catabolic pathways

Describe lipolysis

Answer 5

Triacylglycerols (TAGs) to 3 fatty acids plus glycerol

Question 6

catabolic pathways

Describe beta oxidation of fats

Answer 6

Fatty acids to acetyl CoA

Question 7

Name the anabolic pathways

Answer 7

Glycogenesis, gluconeogenesis, FA synthesis, cholesterol synthesis

Question 8

anabolic pathways

Describe glycogenesis

Answer 8

Glucose to glycogen

Question 9

anabolic pathways

Describe gluconeogenesis

Answer 9

Non-carbohydrates (alanine or lactate) (some other amino acids) to glucose

Question 10

anabolic pathways

Describe fatty acid synthesis

Answer 10

Glucose to palmitate

Question 11

anabolic pathways

Describe cholesterol synthesis

Answer 11

Acetyl CoA to cholesterol (note the acetyl CoA is usually from glucose)

Question 12

Name the components of cellular respiration

Answer 12

Kreb’s cycle and electron transport chain

Question 13

cellular respiration

What is the purpose of the Kreb’s cycle?

Answer 13

Oxidation of fuels

Question 14

cellular respiration

What does the Kreb’s cycle produce?

Answer 14

Reduced nucleotides, carbon dioxide, and GTP

Question 15

cellular respiration

Does the Kreb’s cycle produce energy?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

cellular respiration

What can enter the Kreb’s cycle

Answer 16

Carbohydrates, fatty acids, and amino acids

Question 17

cellular respiration

What must be coupled to the Kreb’s cycle for ATP to be produced?

Answer 17

Electron transport chain

Question 18

cellular respiration

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain?

Answer 18

Transduction of the electrons from reduced nucleotides

Question 19

What does the electron transport chain produce?

Answer 19

ATP

Question 20

How does the electron transport chain accomplish its purpose?

Answer 20

By proton motive forces

Question 21

anabolic pathways

Which amino acid is preferred by the liver for gluconeogensis?

Answer 21

Alanine

Question 22

anabolic pathways

Which amino acids are not gluconeogenic?

Answer 22

Lysine and leucine

Question 23

Where is acetyl CoA typically from?

Answer 23

Glucose