Carer support in psychosis Flashcards
What is psychosis?
A mental health condition that affects an individual’s ability to distinguish between reality and delusions or hallucinations.
Reference: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.
What role do caregivers play in the management of psychosis?
Caregivers help with treatment adherence, emotional support, and everyday functioning.
What are some common burdens experienced by caregivers of individuals with psychosis?
Caregivers experience:
* Emotional strain
* Physical health problems
* Social withdrawal
What percentage of caregivers for people with psychosis report clinical levels of distress?
65% of caregivers report clinical levels of depression, anxiety, and distress.
Reference: Onwumere et al., 2017.
True or False: Stigma associated with mental illness can exacerbate caregiver isolation.
True.
What emotional responses do caregivers often report due to caregiving challenges?
- Caregivers report feelings of grief, frustration, and guilt.
Especially if the onset of psychosis is sudden or involved aggressive behaviours from the person they cared for
- They can also feel capacity where they start to resent the person they’re caring for which leads to more stress.
What is role captivity in the context of caregiving?
Feeling trapped in the caregiving role, disrupting personal lives or careers.
What health issues can arise from prolonged caregiving?
Physical Health issues include:
* Chronic fatigue
* Hypertension
* Arthritis
* Heart disease
Psychological health issues include :
- social isolation due to time and energy spent caregiving - embarrassment or not having time to do hobbies
-
What are some positive aspects of caregiving reported by caregivers?
Caregivers report:
* Deepened relationships
* Personal growth
* Increased resilience
What are family-based interventions aimed at in the context of caregiving for psychosis and what is the fidficulty?
Family interventions focus on:
* Improving communication
* Understanding psychosis
* Reducing relapse rates
/ research file family support reduces psychosis relapse but access to the support can be tricky
How can digital health platforms support caregivers and offer a statistic?
Digital platforms allow caregivers to:
* Share experiences
* Receive peer support
* Access professional advice
Stat; around 90% of caregivers easy Internet to search for information
What impact can caregiving have on the mental and physical well-being of carers?
Caregiving significantly impacts:
* Mental health
* Physical health
High levels of burden and PTSD symptoms as well as isolation
What is the cognitive model of carer responses in psychosis?
It describes how carers’ appraisals of service user behavior influence their emotional responses and interactions.
- Initial relationship.
The initial relationship between care and service user and foundation for subsequent interactions. E.g. Strong support network means better outcome compared to weak support network.
2.. Appraisal of service uses behaviour is constantly affecting this and can be influenced by previous experience knowledge of psychosis or emotional responses. E.g. Seeing a hallucination as impending crisis coming.
- Cognitive and affective changes.
The appraisal of service users behaviour needs to have emotional changes in the carer which can manifest as increase stress anxiety if the carer feels helpless
E.g. Found carers who understood psychosis as manageable reported less stress and were able to cope with their loved ones.
- Behaviour towards service users. (Relationship)
Record and behavioural changes directly influence the carers behaviour towards the service user positive or negative
- Carer appraisal of illness.
The carers understando
the nature of the prognosis and treatment options significantly influences their response - looking for more biological medical interventions versus more of a psychosocial
- Camera relationship with services.
Will impact the experience and response and this also includes access to services
What is the significance of the initial relationship between the carer and the service user?
The initial relationship sets the foundation for subsequent interactions and outcomes.
Fill in the blank: Caregivers who understand psychosis as a _______ condition report less stress.
[manageable]
What role does the carer’s understanding of psychosis play in their response?
It influences their advocacy for treatment and engagement with the service user.
What are some outcomes of virtual reality (VR) training for carers?
Outcomes include:
* Enhanced empathy - experiencing auditory hallucinations
* Improved crisis management skills - handling crisis in a controlled environment preparing them for real life such as in VR service user acting aggressively practising deescalation
* Reduced anxiety - confronting fears such as what happens when they see an outburst and practising coping with it
What is one benefit of VR training for caregivers?
VR training allows carers to practice handling crises in a controlled environment.
True or False: Research indicates that VR training can significantly enhance the skills of family carers.
True.
What are some issues faced by the Harris family in their caregiving experience?
Issues include:
* Loss of the son they once knew
* Guilt over potential contribution to his condition
* Worry about his drug use
What factors contribute to the emotional strain on caregivers of individuals with psychosis?
Contributing factors include:
* Unpredictability of symptoms
* Stigma associated with mental illness
Fill in the blank: Caregivers often experience _______ due to the demands of caregiving.
[burnout]
What is the title of the manual published by the American Psychiatric Association in 2013?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.)
What was the focus of the study by Angermeyer et al. (2006)?
Burden and burnout in caregiving for people with psychosis
What type of experiences did Bowman et al. (2017) investigate?
Family experiences in psychosis caregiving
What barriers did Bucci et al. (2016) identify in their study?
Barriers to family interventions in psychosis
What did Glynn et al. (2010) discuss in their work?
Digital health interventions for psychosis caregivers
What issue was highlighted by Hayes et al. (2015) regarding caregivers?
Social isolation in caregivers of individuals with psychosis
What is the main focus of the family interventions discussed by Kuipers, Leff, & Lam (2006)?
Family interventions in psychosis
What did Lowenstein et al. (2010) study in relation to psychosis caregivers?
Online peer support for psychosis caregivers
What aspect of caregiving did Magliano et al. (2003) focus on?
Caregiver burden in psychosis
What positive aspect of caregiving did McCann et al. (2009) explore?
Positive experiences of caregiving in psychosis
What issue related to mental health did Onwumere et al. (2017) address?
Carer burnout and mental health in psychosis
What emotional impact did Patel et al. (2014) investigate?
Emotional impact of caregiving for psychosis
What type of intervention did Pharoah et al. (2010) evaluate?
Family interventions for schizophrenia
Fill in the blank: Adherence to treatment in patients with schizophrenia is influenced by _______.
family members
What did Gonzalez et al. (2014) study in relation to schizophrenia?
Social functioning and disability in schizophrenia
What emotional experiences were investigated by McCann et al. (2009)?
Emotional experiences of carers of people with psychosis
What was the outcome of the study by Norman et al. (2005) regarding family intervention?
Family intervention and relapse in schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial
What type of review did Onwumere et al. (2017) conduct?
Digital interventions for family caregivers of people with mental illness
What is the focus of the Cochrane Database review by Pharoah et al. (2010)?
Family intervention for schizophrenia
What was the impact of virtual reality training according to McFarlane & Burch (2021)?
The skills of family carers of individuals with psychosis
What role does immersive technology play according to Simons & Avdalovic (2022)?
Empathy and understanding in psychosis
What was the subject of Vardakoulias’ (2023) systematic review?
Virtual reality as a tool for training caregivers in mental health
