Cardiovascular Flashcards
What blood vessel Carries blood away from the heart
Arteries
What blood vessel Carries blood to the heart
Veins
What forms transitions between arteries and veins
Capillaries
The heart is located where in the thoracic cavity
Mediastinum
The heart in contained in a fibrous sac called
The pericardium
What are the three wall layers of the heart ?
Myocardium, epicardium, endocardium
The middle and thickest layer of the heart which is the muscular layer is the
Myocardium
The outermost layer of the heart wall is
Epicardium
The membrane that lies on the internal surface of the myocardium. It is composed of thin, flat, simple squamous epithelium and forms the lining of the heart chambers
Endocardium
The not so smooth inside surface of the myocardium that forms ridges and nipple like projections is called
Papillary muscles
The _______ ventricular wall is thinner than the _____
Right, left
Blood cycles through the body in a “____________”
Figure 8
Why is cardiac muscle considered autorythmic
It can create its own contractions and relaxations through its internal conduction system
Why is the wall of the right ventricle thinner than the wall of the left ventricle
The left ventricle does most of the work and is much larger
What is the function of the chordae tendonae
To shut and open valves
The large vein that brings deoxygenated blood from the systematic circulation to the heart
Vena cava
What in the heart is considered the pace maker
SA node
Where is the SA node located
The wall of the right atrium
At rest the cardiac muscle is
(A) polarized
(B) depolarized
(A) polarized
When the cardiac muscles are at rest where are the ions located ?
Na and Ca are located on the outer membrane of the cell and K is located inside the cell
Is the myocardium contracting, causing a chamber to to empty itself of blood
Systole
The myocardium relaxing and repolarizing after a contraction, allowing the chambers to fill with blood again. The resting phase
Diastole
The sound lub is produced when then ______ and _______ valves snap shut (AV valves)
Tricuspid and mitral