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Cardiology > Cardiomyopathy > Flashcards

Cardiomyopathy Flashcards

1
Q

Disease of the heart muscle where the heart is structurally and functionally abnormal

A

Cardiomyopathy

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2
Q

What are three viruses that can cause viral myocarditis?

A

Coxsackie group B, Parvo B19, and adenovirus

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3
Q

Immune mediated and leads to myocyte loss and fibrosis

A

Viral Myocarditis

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4
Q

Viral myocarditis is usually self limited but some progress to

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

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5
Q

Toxins such as chronic alcohol ingestion or chemotherapeutic agents can cause

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

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6
Q

Causes oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, decreases myocardial protein synthesis

A

Chronic Alcohol ingestion

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7
Q

Anthracyclines are chemotherapeutic agents that can cause

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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8
Q

Heart Failure toward the end of pregnancy or in months after delivery wihtout any identifiable cause

A

Peri-partum CM

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9
Q

Impaired VEGF signaling and altered prolactin processing are causes of

A

Peripartum CM

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10
Q

Up to 50% of cardiomyopathies are likely

A

Familial

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11
Q

We want to use diuretics, ACEI/ARB, beta-blockers, and aldosterone antagonists to treat

A

Dilated cardiomyopathies

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12
Q

with a DCM that has a LVEF less than 35%, treat w/

A

AICD

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13
Q

If we have a DCM w/ LBBB and a QRS greater than 120 ms, treat w/

A

CRT

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14
Q

Autosomal dominant condition w/ variable penetrance

-Characterized by myocardial disarray

A

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)

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15
Q

Due to mutation in one of several sarcomeric genes such as Beta-myosin heavy chain, cardiac troponins, and myosin binding protein

A

HCM

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16
Q

Characterized by asymetric LVH and normal to hyperdynamic LVEF

-Most common cause of SCD in athletes

A

HCM

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17
Q

Clinically presents w/ DOE/SOB and angina

A

HCM

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18
Q

Which type of murmur is seen in HCM?

A

S4

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19
Q

If HCM has an LVOT obstruction than we will see a systolic diamond shaped murmur from LPSB and an

A

Apical holocystoli murmur from MR

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20
Q

EKG will show LVH, LAE, and Q waves (in inferior and lateral leads)

A

HCM

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21
Q

Increased dynamic obstruction after anextrasystolic beat

A

Brockenbrough-Braunwald Sign

22
Q

We can use beta blockers to treat

A

HCM

23
Q

Which Ca2+ channel blocker can be used to treat HCM?

A

Verapamil

24
Q

What is a class IA anti-arrhythmic that is used to treat HCM?

A

Disopyramide

25
Q

Reduces contractility which reduces obstruction in HCM which then decreases O2 demand

A

Disopyramide

26
Q

Disopyramide decreaes HR which increases

A

Diastolic Filling Time

27
Q

For HCM with a wall thickness of gretaer than 30mm, we want to treat w/

A

AICD

28
Q

Characteried by ventricular muscle stiffness leading to diastolic dysfunction

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

29
Q

Do not need thick walls for diagnosis (Although most will have increased wall thickness)

-Normal-near normal LVEF except in late stages

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

30
Q

Restrictive cardiomyopathy results from

A

Scarring/fibrosis or infiltration

31
Q

The most common cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy is

A

Amyloidosis

32
Q

Extracellular deposit of amyloid fibrils

-misfolded insoluble protein with a beta-pleated sheet configuration

A

Amyloidosis

33
Q

Igg light chain produced by clonal population of plasma cells in bone marrow

A

AL amyloid

34
Q

Mutations in gene encoding TTR lead to misfolding and deposition of amyloids

-Autosomal dominant

A

Familial Systemic Amyloidosis (FAP)

35
Q

Clincially presents w/ peripheral neuropathy and autonomic dysfunction

A

FAP

36
Q

Due to breakdown of normal TTR (non-mutated)

-Almost always limited to the heart

A

Senile Systemic Amyloidosis (SSA)

37
Q

Commonly presents w/ Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

SSA

38
Q

Caused by a misfolding of ANP

  • only seen on autopsy
  • Mostly elderly women
A

Isolated Atrial Amyloidosis

39
Q

Usually occurs in setting of chronic inflammation

-Breakdown of inflammatory protein serum amyloid A

A

Secondary Amyloiosis

40
Q

The major target of secondary amyloidosis is the

A

Kidney

41
Q

Fabry’s disease, Myxoedematous cardiomyopthy, an haemochromatosis are conditions that may mimic

A

Amyloid Heart Disease

42
Q

In RCM we see increased muscle stiffness which causes

A

Decreased compliance

43
Q

We see both right and left sided volume overload w/

A

RCM

44
Q

The decrease cavity size seen in RCM causes decreases in

A

SV and CO

45
Q

Increased JVD with inspiration

A

Kussmaul sign

46
Q

Kussmaul sign is seen w/

A

RCM

47
Q

Genetic disorder where the RV free wall is replaced by fibro-fatty tissue

A

Arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy

48
Q

Shows RV dysfunction, dilation, and akinesis

A

Arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy

49
Q

Arrested development of myocardial compaction during fetal growth

-Autosomal dominant/X-linked recessive

A

LV non-compliance

50
Q

Characterized by deep intra-trabecular recesses

A

LV non-compaction

51
Q

Also known as Takotsubo CM, broken heart syndrome

A

Stress-induced cardiomyopathy

Cardiology (27 decks)

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