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Physio > Cardio Lec 8 > Flashcards

Cardio Lec 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Factors affecting resistance

A

tube length (fixed) & viscosity (thickness)

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2
Q

An increase in tube length or viscosity __ flow

A

decrease

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3
Q

Can blood viscosity change?

A

yes; (in polycythemia & anemia)

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4
Q

Most important regulator of blood flow

A

diameter & MAP

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5
Q

Small changes in vessel radius have large effects on resistance & flow

A

t

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6
Q

As vessel length or blood viscosity go up -> resistance will go

A

up

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7
Q

As vessel radius goes up -> resistance will go

A

down

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8
Q

By doubling radius, you DECREASES resistance by

A

a factor of 16 -> INCREASE flow by a factor of 16

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9
Q

Flow is the __ of resistance

A

inverse

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10
Q

as pressure gradient goes up blood flow goes

A

up

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11
Q

as the radius is increased blood flow goes

A

up

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12
Q

as vessel length increases blood flow goes

A

down

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13
Q

as viscosity increases blood flow goes

A

down

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14
Q

Blood viscosity doesn’t change in healthy individuals

A

t

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15
Q

Velocity measured by

A

distance per time

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16
Q

Flow measured by

A

volume per time

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17
Q

Which vessels have the largest cross sectional area & therefore slowest velocity of blood movement

A

capillaries

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18
Q

Which vessel has the smallest cross sectional area & therefore the greatest velocity

A

aorta

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19
Q

Arterioles aka

A

resistance vessels

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20
Q

Arterioles act like a

A

clamp

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21
Q

Total peripheral resistance =

A

sum of all vascular resistances w/in systemic circulation

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22
Q

Stress causes tpr to go

A

up

23
Q

Tpr main determinant of

A

afterload

24
Q

Bp resistance greatest in

A

arterioles

25
Q

Pressure & flow reduced most in

A

capillaries (have smallest diameter)

26
Q

BP =

A

CO x TPR

27
Q

What organ control blood vol

A

kidneys

28
Q

Baroreceptors detect

A

stretch/pressure

29
Q

Baroreceptor reflex

A

maintain relatively constant pressure on a min by min basis

30
Q

How do baroreceptors respond to bp elevation

A

fire more to inhibit SNS -> lower bp

31
Q

How do baroreceptors respond to bp drop

A

fire less -> SNS more active -> bp rises

32
Q

Valsalva maneuver used to break

A

SVT

33
Q

Pulse pressure refers to

A

diff between systolic & diastolic (ex: 120/180=40)

34
Q

Myoglobin

A

binds 02 when 02 levels are high but doesn’t release its 02 until levels are dangerously low

35
Q

Aortic compliance decreases greatly w/ age, systolic press gets higher & diastolic gets lower & pulse pressure gets bigger w/ age

A

t

36
Q

MAP =

A

diastolic press + 1/3 (pulse pressure) -> Ex: 120/90 -> 90 + 1/3 (30) = 90+10= 100 mmHg

37
Q

TPR due to

A

alpha receptor stimulation

38
Q

myogenic mechanism: When bp goes up -> increased flow to brain -> to oppose..

A

cerebral vessels constrict (keeps flow the same)

39
Q

myogenic mechanism: When bp goes down -> decrease flow to brain -> to oppose..

A

vessels dilate (keeps flow the same)

40
Q

Myogenic control refers to

A

vessels regulate their own flow

41
Q

Reactive hyperemia

A

accumulated end products BC FLOW WAS DIMINISHED to an area

42
Q

Active hyperemia

A

BC TISSUES ARE MORE ACTIVE

43
Q

In both reactive & active hyperemia you get an increase in flow due to

A

accumulation of end products

44
Q

Cerebral flow remains constant due to the

A

myogenic mechanism

45
Q

Heart must use __ respiration

A

aerobic

46
Q

Alpha receptors

A

constriction & bind NE

47
Q

Beta receptors

A

dilate & bind Epi

48
Q

During exercise, as heart exceeds 180 bpm, CO will

A

fall due to reduction of filling time

49
Q

EDV decreases during exercise

A

f; increases

50
Q

Hypoventilation

A

co2 levels rise -> vessels dilate

51
Q

Hyperventilation

A

co2 levels fall -> vessels constrict

52
Q

Most active areas of brain receive most blood

A

t

53
Q

Most people have 2ndary htn

A

f; most have primary/essential htn

54
Q

We try to keep bp under

A

120/80

Physio (14 decks)

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