Carbohydrates quiz Flashcards
Carbohydrates are important in all
Living organisms
The basic units of carbohydrates are the
Monosaccharides
Gluconeogenesis: monosaccharides can be made
Chemically from simpler substances
Almost all molecule’s are because of
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis: an
Endothermic reaction,uses sun to make sugars
Polysaccharide have many covalently linked
Monosaccharides units
They also have high
Molecular mass
One major role of carbohydrates is
Energy reserves
Carbohydrates play an important role in
The cell
They are important elements in most
Biological processes
Carbohydrates are made of
Monosaccharides
A glycosidic bond is formed in a
Dehydration synthesis reaction
Dehydration synthesis reactions: a sugar gives up a
hydrogen atom from hydroxyl group and the other gives up a whole hydroxyl group
Monosaccharides can be linked together to form
Long polysaccharide chains
Monosaccharides have a general
Molecular formula
Hydroxyl groups: has a
Hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atoms and the oxygen is bonded to the carbon section of a molecule
Organic compounds that have a hydroxyl group are called
Alcohols
A carboxyl group is a
Carbon atom linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom
Fructose has the
Same chemical formula as glucose but has a different configuration
Glucose:
Aldehyde
Fructose:
Ketone
Minor differences give isomers
Different properties
Insomers can react with
Different molecules
Insomers:
Two or more chemical’s made from the same number and types of atoms but with different geometrical arrangement
Fructose tastes much ____ than glucose
Sweeter
Polysaccharides are
Versatile and can be formed into helices
Helices are seen in
starch, glycogen,and rod shapes like cellulose
The rod shapes of cellulose links rods together through
hydrogen bonds
Starch,glycogenand cellulose are mostly made of
Starch
What makes it hard for animals to hydrolyze are
Hydrogen bonds
Cellulose is not absorbed
Nutritionally
Cellulose provides
Essential fiber for keeping a healthy and digestive tract
