Carbohydrates 2: Energy Storage

Question 1

What does Respiration involve?

Answer 1

Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy to form ATP.

Question 2

What do the enzymes in animals do?

Answer 2

Animals and planrts have enzymes that break alpha-glucose only. These enzymes cannot break down beta-glucose as it has a different shape, and enzyme function is bade on shape.

Question 3

Can be Alpha-glucose be respired?

Answer 3

Alpha-glucose can be respired whereas beta-glucose can not.

Question 4

What do two Alpha-glucose form?

Answer 4

Two alpha-glucose form a disaccharide called Maltose - condensation reaction. It’s can be repeated many times to form Amylose.

Question 5

Where do Glycosidic bonds form in glucose subunits?

Answer 5

Glycosidic bond betwen glucose subunits occurs between carbon 1, and 4 of next molecule so 1,4 -glucose.

Question 6

What do long chains of Amylose do?

Answer 6

Long chains of Amylose coil into a spring, make it compact, so iodine molecules can be trapped. Changes from yellow/brown to blue/black Not soluble in water.

Question 7

What does starch consist of?

Answer 7

Starch consists of a mixture of long, straight-chain amylose molecules and branched amylopectin. Stored in chloroplasts/membrane-bound starch grains. Broken to release glucose to be respired.

Question 8

What is Glycogen made up of?

Answer 8

Glycogen is made up of alpha-glucose subunits. Broken down to release glucose.