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USAHS Conditions Test 3 > Cancer > Flashcards

Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

There are so many different types of cancer that can…

A

affect a person’s ability to perform occupational tasks at their desired level.

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2
Q

In general, cancer is…

A

An abnormal growth of cells that can occur anywhere in the body and impact the overall function of a person and their immune system.

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3
Q

Not only does the cancer have an effect on a person’s occupational performance, but often…

A

The resulting management of cancer through medication treatments or surgical treatments also produces negative occupational impacts.

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4
Q

As occupational therapists, we are able to work with people who have cancer or who are…

A

Suffering from side effects of cancer treatment to help them engage in their daily lives.

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5
Q

Primary Forms of Cancer

A
  • Carcinoma
  • Sarcoma
  • Leukemia
  • Lymphoma
  • Myeloma
  • Mixed Types
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6
Q

Prevalence

A
  • In 2016, an estimated 1,685,210 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in the US and 595,690 will die from the disease.
  • Number of people living beyond a cancer diagnosis is approximately 14. 5 million and expected to rise to 19 million by 2024.
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7
Q

Most Common Cancers

A
  • Breast Cancer
  • Lung
  • Prostate
  • Colon/Rectum
  • Melanoma
  • Thyroid
  • Kidney
  • Pelvis
  • Leukemia
  • Endometria
  • Non-Hogkins Lymphoma
  • Pacreatic
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8
Q

Cancer

A

A chronic disease impacting quality of life.

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9
Q

The course and prognosis of cancer depend on several variables:

A
  • Type of cancer
  • Location of cancer
  • Stage of cancer
  • Age and health of client
  • Response to treatment
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10
Q

Common Diagnostics of Cancer

A
  • Pet Scan
  • CAT Scan
  • MRI
  • Ultrasound
  • Biopsies
  • Genetic Testing (ex. BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 are inheritable genes with a mutation that significantly increases risk or breast cancer in women)
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11
Q

Cancer Treatments

A
  • Surgical removal
  • Radiation therapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Hormone Therapy
  • Stem cell transplants
  • Rehabilitation
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12
Q

Surgical removal (Cancer Treatments)

A

of cells/tumors

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13
Q

Radiation therapy (Cancer Treatments)

A

Aimed at eliminating and reducing size of tumors

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14
Q

Chemotherapy (Cancer Treatments)

A

Aimed at reducing cancer cells through pharmacological agents

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15
Q

Immunotherapy (Cancer Treatments)

A

Focused on strengthening a person’s immune system

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16
Q

Hormone Therapy (Cancer Treatments)

A

To slow or stop cancer cell growth

17
Q

Stem Cell Transplants (Cancer Treatments)

A

To restore blood forming cells destroyed by high dose chemotherapy or radiation

18
Q

Rehabilitation Designed (Cancer Treatments)

A

To improve quality of life and functional well-being.

19
Q

OT Areas of Practice

A
  • Inpatient Hospital Center
  • Outpatient Centers
  • Home Health
  • Long Term Facilities
  • Skilled Nursing Facilities
20
Q

The role of OT in Oncology

A

“to facilitate and enable an individual patient to achieve maximum functional performance, both physically and psychologically in everyday living skills regardless of his or her life expectancy”

21
Q

Due to the uniqueness and complexity of human occupation, each individual diagnosed with cancer will experience…

A

Different limitations in his or her various occupations/roles and restrictions in participation throughout the course of the disease, based on lifestyle choices.

22
Q

Continuum of Care & OT Role (cancer)

A

The role of OT is dependent on when the patient is referred to therapy.

  • The over-arching goal for therapy is to optimize function and quality of life.
  • OT’s can serve in the role of educator, consultant, or clinician based on acuity of illness and stage of recovery
  • Goals are focused on addressing performance barriers to enable the resumption of client roles, routines and rituals.
  • Preventative
  • Active Treatment
  • Post Treatment
  • Palliative Care
23
Q

Stage of Care: Prevention

A

-OT Educator Role: Education client
Risk, weight loss, exercise, healthy behaviors
-OT Consultant Role: Individual or group consulting to promote healthy habits
-OT Clinical Role: Early Detection
-Possible Assessment: Screenings

24
Q

Stage of Care: Diagnosed with Active Care

A

-OT Educator Role: Education focuses
potential need for rehab throughout the continuum and education of disease manifestations
-OT Clinical Role: Assessment, Intervention, Planning, Outcomes
-Possible Assessment: Fatigue Impact Scale, Beck Depression Scale, Role Checklist, DASH, Lymphedema, FIM

25
Q

Undergoing Treatment (Rehab across the continuum)

A

OT Role: Fatigue, pain

ADL, IADL, falls, ROM, sensation, symptom management

26
Q

Survivorship (Rehab across the continuum)

A

OT Role: Return to habits, roles, routines and rituals

27
Q

Palliative (Rehab across the continuum)

A

OT Role: Optimize comfort

28
Q

Integrate Frames of References (Rehab across the continuum)

A
  • MOHO
  • Lifestyle redesign
  • Occupational Adaptation
  • Psychosocial
  • Spiritual
  • Cognitive
  • Biomechanical
  • Sensory
29
Q

OT Services

A
  • Develop Occupational Profile
  • Analysis of Performance
  • Assessments
  • Determine OT role (dependent on setting and stage of recovery)
  • Intervention plan
  • Outcomes
30
Q

Inpatient (OT Role Across Settings- Cancer)

A

Resumption of Safety with ADLS, adaptive strategies

31
Q

Skilled Nursing (OT Role Across Settings- Cancer)

A

Resumption of Safety with ADLs, return to home

32
Q

Outpatient (OT Role Across Settings- Cancer)

A

Adaptation with IADLS, community, return to work

33
Q

Community-Based (OT Role Across Settings- Cancer)

A

Lifestyle redesign, strengthening for full independence work, leisure, roles, routines and rituals

34
Q

Common Symptoms of Cancer

A
  • Generalized weakness
  • Fatigue
  • Anorexia
  • Depression
  • Pain
  • Insomnia
  • Fear
  • Decreased energy
  • Vomiting
  • Nausea
  • Dyspnea
  • Confusion
  • Decreased ROM
  • Cognitive deficits
  • Falls
  • Inability to work
  • Decreased ADLs/IADL’s
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Lymphedema
  • Altered body image
  • Poor self-esteem

USAHS Conditions Test 3 (22 decks)

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