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California Flashcards

1
Q

What % of wine produced in North America comes from California?

A

Over 80%

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2
Q

What larger AVAs divide California?

A 
North Coast AVA
Central Coast AVA
South Coast AVA
Sierra Foothills AVA
San Francisco Bay AVA
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3
Q

What inland area, source of 75% of California’s wine, is not considered an AVA?

A

Central Valley

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4
Q

What rules govern the production of “Meritage” wines?

A

Red or White wines in which no one grape constitutes more than 90% of the blend, and is made from Bordeaux varieties.

For Reds, St. Macaire and Gros Verdot are lesser known grapes allowed

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5
Q

What did Carole Meredith discover?

A

The genetic link between Zinfandel and Crljenak Kastelanski

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6
Q

What other grapes is Zinfandel genetically identical to?

A

Tribidrag (Croatia)
Crljenak Kastelanski (Croatia)
Primitivo (Italy)

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7
Q

What are the AVAs of Napa Valley?

A 
Calistoga
Diamond Mountain District
Chiles Valley District
Spring Mountain District
Howell Mountain
St. Helena
Rutherford
Oakville
Yountville
Mount Veeder
Stags Leap District
Atlas Peak
Oak Knoll District
Los Carneros
Coombsville
Wild Horse Valley
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8
Q

What geographical feature funnels cool air into the Napa Valley? From what body of water?

A

The Petaluma Gap

The San Pablo Bay

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9
Q

What mountains cradle the Napa Valley to the West and the East?

A

West: Mayacamas Mountains

East: Vaca Mountains

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10
Q

What AVAs in Napa Valley are considered mountain appellations?

A

West:
Mt. Veeder
Spring Mountain
Diamond Mountain

East:
Atlas Peak
Howell Mountain

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11
Q

What makes Howell Mountain AVA unique?

A

It is the wettest, coolest AVA of Napa Valley

It is West facing

It is defined by altitude, beginning at 1,400ft (430m)

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12
Q

What are the valley floor AVAs of Napa?

A 
Calistoga
St. Helena
Rutherford
Oakville
Stags Leap District
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13
Q

What special soil characterizes the Russian River Valley AVA?

A

Goldridge

Sandy loam

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14
Q

What are some prominent names of coastal Sonoma Coast producers?

A

Hirsch
Marcassin
Peay

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15
Q

What are some notable producers in Russian River Valley AVA?

A

Dehlinger
Joseph Swan
Williams-Seylem

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16
Q

What are some notable producers in the Green Valley of Russian River AVA?

A

Kosta Browne

Freeman

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17
Q

What northern AVAs in Sonoma are considered Region III climates? Which is the warmest?

A

Alexander Valley AVA
Dry Creek Valley AVA
Rockpile AVA
Knights Valley AVA (warmest)

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18
Q

Where is Peter Michael Winery located? What is his flagship red?

A

Knights Valley AVA

“Les Pavots,” a Bordeaux style blend

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19
Q

What was the first sparkling winery in Carneros?

A

Gloria Ferrer in 1986

It is the same family that owns Freixenet

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20
Q

All wines produced in Sonoma County must state what on their label? Since when?

A

Sonoma County

Starting in 2011

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21
Q

What is the smallest AVA in America?

A

Cole Ranch AVA

Essentially a monopole of Esterlina

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22
Q

What geographical feature contributes to the cool climate of the Anderson Valley AVA?

A

The Navarro River draws in cool ocean air and fog

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23
Q

What notable Champagne houses have set up operations in California? Where?

A

Tattingier in Carneros

Roederer in Anderson Valley

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24
Q

Who are some notable producers of Pinot Noir in Anderson Valley?

A

Goldeneye
Drew
Handley

Littorai is based in Sonoma, but makes a lot as well

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25
Q

What destroyed the original Bonny Doon Estate Vineyard?

A

Pierce’s Disease

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26
Q

Livermore Valley AVA is best known for what grape with cuttings from where?

Who has been a dominant producer in the AVA?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

Chateau d’Yquem

Wente

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27
Q

Who are some notable producers in Santa Cruz Mountains AVA?

A

Ridge
Mount Eden
Rhys (Pinot Noir specialist)

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28
Q

What are the major vineyard sites for Ridge?

A 
Monte Bello (Santa Cruz Mountains)
Geyserville (Alexander Valley)
Lytton Springs (Dry Creek Valley)
East Bench (Dry Creek Valley)
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29
Q

Who was the winemaker, now retired, for Ridge?

What did he do for Zinfandel?

A

Paul Draper

He sought out old-vine parcels, some dating back to the 1880s-1900s

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30
Q

What valley runs through Monterey AVA?

A

The Salinas Valley

It funnels in cold air from Monterey Bay

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31
Q

What two valleys in California have among the longest growing seasons in the world?

A

The Salinas Valley

Santa Maria Valley

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32
Q

What notable Pinot Noirs does Belle Glos produce?

A

Dairyman (Russian River Valley)
Clark & Telephone (Santa Maria Valley)
Las Alturas (Santa Lucia Highlands)

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33
Q

What are some notable wines produced by Paul Lato?

A

Syrah - “Il Padrino,” Bien Nacido Vineyard, Santa Maria Valley

Pinot Noir - “Suerte,” Soloman Hills Vineyard, Santa Maria Valley

Pinot Noir - “Lancelot,” Psioni Vineyard, Santa Lucia Highlands

Pinot Noir - “Seabiscuit,” Zotovich Vineyard, Sta Rita Hills

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34
Q

Where is Gary’s Vineyard Located?

Where is Calera Vineyards Located?

What grape are they notable for?

A

Santa Lucia Highlands AVA

Mount Harlan AVA

Pinot Noir

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35
Q

Who planted the first commercial Syrah in California? Where?

A

Gary Eberle

Paso Robles, which he helped co-found

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36
Q

When was Turley founded? By who?

What are some of their notable single-vineyard Zinfandels?

A

Larry and Helen Turley in 1993
Larry Turley was formerly of Frog’s Leap

Hayne Vineyard (Napa Valley) (Also Petite Sirah)
Uberroth Vineyard (Paso Robles)

These vineyards feature vines over 100 years old

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37
Q

Where is the Bien Nacido Vineyard located?

A

Santa Maria Valley AVA

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38
Q

What County has the longest growing season in California?

A

Santa Barbara County

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39
Q

Where is the Sanford & Benedict Vineyard located?

A

Sta. Rita Hills AVA

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40
Q

Where is Shake Ridge Ranch Vineyard located?

A

Sierra Foothills AVA

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41
Q

Who established Inglenook Winery? Where and When?

A

Gustave Niebaum

1879

Rutherford, Napa Valley

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42
Q

What was the first vinifera grape planted in California? What are some of it’s synonyms?

A

Mission

Listan Prieto
Criolla Chica
Pais
Palomino Negro

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43
Q

Who planted Napa Valley’s first vineyard? Where and When?

A

George Calvert Yount

Rancho Caymus in 1838 or 1839

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44
Q

Who started Napa’s first commercial winery?

A

George Krug in 1861

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45
Q

What role did Agoston Haraszthy most notably play in the development of California wine?

A

He traveled Europe in 1861, collecting 100,000 cuttings of more than 350 vines.

Zinfandel was supposedly among them.

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46
Q

What role did Joseph W. Osborne play in the development of California wine?

A

He founded Oak Knoll with cuttings from Europe in 1852

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47
Q

What role did George Belden Crane play in the development of California wine?

A

He planted the Beckstoffer vineyard

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48
Q

When did Phylloxera arrive in Napa Valley?

A

1880s and 1890s

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49
Q

What allowances allowed some wineries to survive prohibition?

A

The production of sacramental wine and medicinal alcohol, and the allowance for fruit juice production

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50
Q

What grapes dominated Napa Vineyards in 1926? What were they used for?

A

Alicante Bouschet
Petite Sirah
Zinfandel
Carignan

They were considered “shipper varieties,” and were sold for the purposes of home wine production.

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51
Q

When was Beaulieu Vineyards founded? By who?

A

1900

Georges de Latour

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52
Q

Who was the first notable winemaker at Beaulieu? What other notable winemakers learned their craft there?

A

Andre Tchelistcheff

Robert Mondavi
Mike Grgich
Joe Heitz

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53
Q

When did the Robert Mondavi winery open?

A

1966

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54
Q

On what plot was Chappellet founded?

A

Pritchard Hill

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55
Q

When was the Judgement of Paris? Who won for White? For Red?

A

1976

White: Chateau Montelena 1973

Red: Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars S.L.V. 1973

56
Q

What major wine publications were launched in 1978 and 1979?

A

The Wine Advocate

Wine Spectator

Both employed 100 point ratings systems

57
Q

When was Napa Valley AVA delineated?

A

1981

58
Q

What is the top of the line sparkling wine from Domaine Chandon?

Where is the winery located? Who is the parent company?

A

Etoile Tete de Cuve

min. 9 years on lees

60% Chardonnay, 40% Pinot Noir

Yountville AVA, Moet-Hennessy

59
Q

Opus One is a partnership between what wineries? Where is it? What was the first vintage? What is their second wine?

A

Chateau Mouton Rothschild
Robert Mondavi

Oakville, 1979

Overture, 1993

60
Q

What encouraged the consumption of Red Wine in the United States?

A

1991 “60 Minutes” special on the French paradox, encouraging red wine consumption as part of a healthy diet

61
Q

What vintage in the 90s would push Napa towards a focus on long hang times? What happened?

A

1997

The vintage was so bountiful, that growers had to late harvest fruit while the first round of picking was still fermenting.

62
Q

What areas in Napa Valley see the highest diurnal temperature fluctuations? Which areas see lower ones?

A

More Northerly, lower lying regions (Calistoga) see the highest diurnal fluctuations (up to 40F)

Southerly regions, and higher altitude regions see more stable day/night fluctuations.

63
Q

Where is The Judge vineyard located? Who owns it?

A

Coombsville AVA

Kongsgaard

Planted to Chardonnay

64
Q

Where is Stony Hill located? What makes their wines unique?

A

Spring Mountain District AVA

Their Chardonnays are made without malolactic fermentation or new oak.

They are very long lived.

65
Q

What synonym for Sauvignon Blanc exists in Napa Valley? Who coined it?

A

Fume Blanc

Robert Mondavi

66
Q

What defines vineyard plantings in Howell Mountain AVA?

A

Altitude

They must be planted at or above 1,400ft, basically above the fog line

67
Q

What are some notable producers in Howell Mountain AVA?

A 
Dunn Vineyards
O'Shaughnessy Estate Winnery
La Jota Vineyards
CADE
Ladera
Robert Foley Vineyards
68
Q

What are the three Stags Leap?

A

Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars (SLV Vineyard, Fay Vineyard, Judgement of Paris)

Stags’ Leap Winery

Stags Leap District AVA

69
Q

What wine was released as a collaboration between Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars and Stags’ Leap Winery? When?

A

Accord

1985

70
Q

What are some notable producers in Stags Leap District AVA?

A

Shafer Vineyards, “Hillside Select,” “Relentless”

Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars, “Cask 23,” “Fay,” SLV”

Stags’ Leap Winery, “Audentia,” “Ne Cede Malis”

Clos du Val

Robert Sinskey Vineyards

71
Q

What is “Ne Cede Malis?”

A

It is a field-blend vineyard dating back to the 1930s owned by Stags’ Leap Winery. It is mainly composed of Petite Sirah and Rhone varietals.

It is replanted with vines of the same genetic material as needed to maintain the field-blend.

72
Q

What Napa County rule prevents further planting of much of Mount Veeder AVA?

What also makes the AVA special among mountain vineyards in Napa?

A

Planting on any slopes greater than 30 degrees is forbidden.

It is also closest to the bay, and hence the coolest of the mountain sites.

73
Q

What was the first Napa Valley wine to contain all 5 Bordeaux varietals?

A

1977 Mount Veeder Winery Cabernet Sauvignon

They were the first to plant Petit Verdot in Napa Valley in 1973

74
Q

What is the smallest AVA in Napa Valley? What is the largest?

A

Stags Leap District AVA

Mount Veeder AVA

75
Q

What are some notable producers in Mount Veeder AVA?

A

Lagier Meredith (Syrah specialists, don’t make Cabernet)

Mayacamas Vineyards

Mount Veeder Vineyards

Lokoya

Hess Collection

76
Q

What are some notable producers located in Pritchard Hill?

A

Bryant Family Vineyard

Colgin Cellars

Chappellet

Ovid

Continuum (Mondavi Family)

77
Q

Who took over California wine evaluation from Robert Parker in 2011 for The WIne Advocate?

A

Antonio Galloni

78
Q

Who is the most notable wine producer in Wild Horse Valley AVA?

A

Kenzo Estate

79
Q

Where is Stagecoach Vineyard located? Who owns it? What notable producers make wine from the fruit?

A

Atlas Peak

Gallo

Alpha Omega

80
Q

Who owns the Antica property in California? Where is it located?

A

Antinori

Atlas Peak AVA

81
Q

Who acquired the original Inglenook property? When? Who originally established it?

A

Francis Ford Coppola

1975, the name was finally purchased in 2011

Gustave Niebaum

82
Q

Where is Star Vineyard located? What grape receives acclaim here?

A

Rutherford AVA

Chardonnay

83
Q

What rootstock used for the planting of vineyards in the 1980s proved to be a poor investment? Why?

A

AXR1

It was insufficiently resistant to Phylloxera

84
Q

Who was the original winemaker for Caymus? What was the first year of the Special Selection? Where is the winery located?

A

Randy Dunn

1975

Rutherford

85
Q

What are some notable producers in Rutherford AVA?

A

Caymus Vineyards

Grgich Hills Estate

Staglin Family Vineyards

Beaulieu Vineyard

Frog’s Leap Winery

86
Q

Who established the original To-Kalon vineyard? When?

Where is it located?

A

H. W. Crabb

1868

Oakville AVA

87
Q

What makes To-Kalon special?

A

It is an alluvial fan of deep, gravel rich, gently sloping earth

88
Q

Who are the two most notable owners of To-Kalon Vineyard? Where is it located?

A

Andy Beckstoffer (Beckstoffer To-Kalon)

Robert Mondavi (To-Kalon)

Oakville AVA

89
Q

What are the rules governing the use of Beckstoffer To-Kalon fruit?

A

All producers (except Harlan?) must produce a vineyard designate wine, and are forbidden from putting Oakville AVA on their labels.

90
Q

How large are the parcels of To-Kalon?

A

Beckstoffer 89 acres (36ha)

Mondavi 250 acres (101ha)

91
Q

What are some notable wineries in Oakville AVA?

A

Dalla Valle Vineyards

Harlan Estate/BOND

Opus One

Far Niente

Screaming Eagle

PlumpJack

Rudd

92
Q

What offshoot of Far Niente was developed in the 1990s for the production of single site wines?

A

Nickel & Nickel

93
Q

What was the first vintage for Harlan? What is their second wine?

What was the first vintage for Screaming Eagle? What is their second wine?

A 
1990
The Maiden (1995)
1992
Second Flight (2006)
94
Q

Where is Martha’s Vineyard located? Who produces a notable wine from the site?

A

Oakville AVA

Heitz

95
Q

What winery famously straddles the Napa/Sonoma divide? Where is it located?

A

Pride Mountain Vineyards

Spring Mountain District AVA

The dividing line actually runs through the winery, and it cannot use the term “Estate,” but rather uses “Vintner Select.”

96
Q

Who was the first producer to sell an unfiltered Chardonnay within the United States? When and where?

What is their “cru” Cabernet Sauvignon bottling?

A

Newton Vineyards

1990

Spring Mountain District AVA

“The Puzzle”

97
Q

What grape was widely planted in Spring Mountain District AVA before being supplanted by Cabernet Sauvignon and other grapes?

Who still produces an example?

A

Riesling

Smith-Madrone still produces one

98
Q

What German immigrants started wineries near St. Helena in the mid to late 1800s?

A

Jacob Schram (Schramsberg)

Charles Krug

Beringer brothers

99
Q

Who owned the Charles Krug winery until his death in 2016?

A

Peter Mondavi

It is located in the St. Helena AVA

100
Q

What is California’s longest continuously operating winery? When was it founded?

A

Beringer

1876 was the first harvest

It is located in the St. Helena AVA

101
Q

Where is the Kronos Vineyard located?

Who produces wine from it?

A

St. Helena AVA

Corison Winery

102
Q

What was the first new winery built in Napa Valley after prohibition?

A

Stony Hill Winery in 1952

Robert Mondavi is often credited with his winery in 1966

103
Q

What producers in St. Helena AVA have strong connections to producing Merlot?

A

Louis M. Martini (first bottled in 1968)

Duckhorn (first bottled in 1978)

104
Q

What are some notable producers from St. Helena AVA?

A

Heitz Wine Cellars

Corison Winery

Joseph Phelps Vineyards

Spottswoode Estate

Freemark Abbey

105
Q

Who produces Dominus? Where is it located? What other wines are produced?

A

Christian Moueix

Napanook Vineyard in Yountville AVA

Othello is entry-level
Napanook is mid-level

106
Q

What is the only AVA in Napa that lies outside of Napa Valley proper?

A

Chiles Valley AVA

It lies perpendicular to Napa Valley, east of Howell Mountain and Pritchard Hill

107
Q

Who planted Napa Valley’s first hillside vineyard? When? Where?

A

Jacob Schram (Schramsberg)

1860s

Diamond Mountain District AVA

108
Q

What was the first winery to produce exclusive Cabernet Sauvignon wines? When was it founded and by who?

A

Diamond Creek Vineyards

1968 by Al and Boots Brounstein

Diamond Mountain District AVA

It was arguably the first cult Napa Cabernet

109
Q

What wines are landmark wines are produced by Diamond Creek Vineyards? Which is the least likely to be produced in any given year?

A

Red Rock Terrace

Gravelly Meadow

Volcanic Hill (largest)

Lake Vineyard (smallest, coolest) is the least likely to be produced

110
Q

Who was the first producer to sell a bottle of wine from California for over $100?

A

Diamond Creek Vineyards

111
Q

Who was the first to produce a commercial Gruner Veltliner in California? When?

A

Rudy von Strasser

2005

Diamond Mountain District AVA

112
Q

Why do alluvial fans matter? What are some notable vineyards on alluvial fans in Napa Valley?

A

Tend to be rich in gravel at higher points, and sand/silt/clay at lower levels.

By necessity, they have a steep slope.

Eisele Vineyard
Three Palms Vineyard

Both located in Calistoga AVA, and both notably are on the east side of the valley.

113
Q

What region in Napa Valley has the highest diurnal temperature fluctuations?

A

Calistoga AVA

114
Q

What were the first three vineyard-designated wines in California?

A

Heitz Martha’s Vineyard
Ridge Monte Bello
Ridge Eisele Vineyard (only produced once in 1971)

115
Q

Who assumed ownership of Chateau Montelena in 1972? What were the circumstances that catapulted them to fame?

A

Jim Barrett

The 1973 Chardonnay was deemed best in show at the 1976 Judgement of Paris.

116
Q

Who were the owners of Araujo Estate? What was the final vintage they labeled? What is it called now?

A

Founded in 1990 by Bart and Daphne Araujo

2012 was the final vintage they labeled

It’s now Eisele Vineyards owned by the Artemis Group

The Araujo’s new project is Accendo

117
Q

Who was the winemaker for Chateau Montelena’s award winning 1973 Chardonnay?

A

Miljenko “Mike” Grgich

118
Q

Per labeling laws for California, what percentage of grapes must come from:

State
County
AVA
Vineyard
Variety
Vintage
A 
State: 100%
County: 75%
AVA: 85%
Vineyard: 95%
Variety: 75%
Vintage: 85% (95% for AVA wines)
119
Q

What rules govern the use of the term “estate bottled?”

A
  1. Wine is labeled with an AVA
  2. Winery is located in that same AVA
  3. WInery owns or “controls” the vineyard
  4. Crush, ferment, finish, bottled on the same property

Control can be established by a leasing agreement for at least 3 years

120
Q

What feature divides the North Coast from the Central Coast?

A

The San Francisco Bay

121
Q

What winery released the first varietally labeled Petite Sirah? When?

A

Concannon

1964

122
Q

What grape was once commonly known as Napa Gamay?

Name a producer

A

Valdiguie

Cruse Wine Co.
Broc Cellars
J. Lohr

123
Q

Where is Gary’s Vineyard located?

Who owns it?

A

Santa Lucia Highlands AVA

Gary Franscioni (ROAR)

Gary Pisoni (Pisoni)

124
Q

Where is Double L Vineyard located?

Who owns it?

A

Santa Lucia Highlands AVA

Dan and Donna Lee (Morgan Winery)

125
Q

Who owns Mer Soleil? Where is it located? What do they produce?

A

The Wagner family of Caymus

Santa Lucia Highlands AVA

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

126
Q

What is regarded as the largest contiguous vineyard on Earth? Who owns it? Where is it?

A

San Bernabe Vineyard (20 square miles)

San Bernabe AVA in Monterey County

Delicato Family Vineyards

127
Q

Where is Calera located?

Who founded it?

What makes it special?

A

Mount Harlan AVA

Josh Jensen. He worked at DRC and Dujac.

He spent 2 years looking for limestone soils on hillside slopes in California, and found them on Mount Harlan.

128
Q

Where is the Vista Verde Vineyard? Who owns it?

A

Paicines AVA in San Benito County

550 acres owned by John Dyson of Williams Selyem

129
Q

What series of narrow river gaps allow Paso Robles to “breathe” cool coastal air?

A

The Templeton Gap

They bisect the Santa Lucia Range

130
Q

Ridge Vineyards produces what mannered, elegant Zinfandel from Paso Robles?

A

Benito Dusi Ranch

Both a single vineyard and a Paso Robles wine are made from this fruit

131
Q

Who founded Tablas Creek Vineyard?

A

The Perrin Family of Chateau de Beaucastel

Robert Haas, their importer

132
Q

Who are some notable producers from Paso Robles AVA and what are their top cuvees?

A

Saxum, “James Berry Vineyard,” Rhone Blend
$172

L’Aventure, “Estate Cuvee,” Syrah/Cabernet/Petit Verdot
$116

Daou Vineyards, “Patrimony,” Cabernet
$300

133
Q

Who produces the “Reva Estate” wine? What is it? From where?

A

Alban Vineyards

Syrah

Edna Valley

$125

134
Q

What are some producers strongly associated with Bien Nacido Vineyard?

A

Jim Clendenen, Au Bon Climt

Bob Lindquist, Qupe

Adam Tolmach, Ojai Vineyard

135
Q

Where is the Soloman Hills Vineyard?

A

Santa Maria Valley AVA

Advanced Somm (37 decks)

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