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Austria Flashcards

1
Q

What Scandal rocked Austrian wine? When?

A

The “antifreeze” scandal in 1985

Diethelyne Glycol was added to some wines to sweeten them.

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2
Q

What was the Reich Hereditary Farm Act? When was it instituted?

A

1938

Mandated vineyard sizes of between 7.5 and 125 ha

It led to unprecedented mergers, restructurings, and the rise of cooperatives

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3
Q

What was Lens Moser’s contribution to Austrian winemaking?

A

Hochkultur, or “High Culture”

He pushed for wider rows, lower planting density, and higher training to accommodate mechanization.

He also encouraged the planting of Gruner Veltliner and Zweigelt.

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4
Q

Who was the supposed ringleader of the DEG scandal?

A

Otto Nadrasky

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5
Q

What is the general climate of Austria?

A

Continental Climate

Warm to hot summers and cold winters

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6
Q

What does the term “alte reben” indicate?

A

Old Vines

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7
Q

What is “Hauersekt?”

A

Grower’s sparkling wine

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8
Q

What measurement is used for Pradikatswein classification?

A

Klosterneuberg Must Weight scale (KMW)

It is a measurement of 1 gram of sugar per 100 grams of grape must.

1 degree KMW is approximately 5 degrees Oechsle

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9
Q

What system established regional wines in Austria?

What was the first and when?

A

Districtus Austriae Controllatus (DAC)

Weinviertal was the first in 2003

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10
Q

What are the three levels of quality for DAC wine production?

A

Wein

Landwein

Qualitatswein

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11
Q

Where may grapes for the production of “Wein” be sourced from?

A

Anywhere in the EU

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12
Q

What is the name of the symbol that verifies strict quality for Austrian wine?

A

Banderole

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13
Q

Austrian Landwein must hail from where?

A

Weinland, Burgenland, or Steierland

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14
Q

What are the ABV and RS requirements for Kabinett wines?

A

max. 9 g/l RS

max. 13% ABV

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15
Q

What is the minimum lees aging for Qualitatswein Sekt?

A

9 months

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16
Q

What are the required KMW levels for the following wines?

Spatlese
Auslese

A

Spatlese - 19

Auslese - 21

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17
Q

What are the required KMW levels for the following wines?

Beerenauslese
Strohwine
Eiswein
Ausbruch
Trockenbeerenauslese
A

Beerenauslese - 25
Strohwine - 25
Eiswein - 25

Ausbruch - 30
Trockenbeerenauslese - 30

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18
Q

What is the minimum number of months to dry grapes for Strohwine?

A

3 months

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19
Q

Which Pradikatswein tiers ban the use of cryoextraction?

A

Eiswein

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20
Q

What is the minimum ABV for Pradikatswein?

A

5% ABV

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21
Q

Who was the forefather of Austrian Sekt?

Where did he settle?

A

Robert Alwin Schlumberger

Voslau, just south of Vienna

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22
Q

What is “Goldeck?”

A

The first Austrian sparkling wine brand, named after the Goldeggen Vineyard.

It remains one of the largest brands today

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23
Q

Who launched the Hochriegl brand?

What is their specialty?

A

Johann Kattus in 1890

Sparkling wine

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24
Q

Who introduced the Charmat method?

When?

A

Karl Infuhr

1949

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25
Q

Who was instrumental in pushing for grower sparkling in Austria?

A

Gerald Malat in Krems

Prior to 1976, only a handful of large companies were allowed to produce base wines for sparkling.

Hauersekt is the name

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26
Q

A wine labeled “herb” or “extra herb” would be what?

Halbtrocken and Mild would match up with what levels of sweetness?

A

Brut or Extra Brut

Demi-sec and Sweet

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27
Q

What are the levels of quality for PDO Sekt?

A

Klassik

Reserve

Grosse Reserve

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28
Q

What are the rules for Klassik Sekt?

A

All methods, dosage levels, colors, and styles permitted

9 months on lees, 3 in bottle

Vintage allowed

Max. 12.5% ABV

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29
Q

What are the rules for Reserve Sekt?

A

Hand-harvested

Only traditional method, white and rose permitted. Only red grapes for Rose

18 months on lees, 6 months in bottle

60% juice extraction

max 12g/l dosage

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30
Q

What are the rules for Grosse Reserve Sekt?

A

The same as reserve, except:

30 months lees, 6 in bottle

Vineyard source and grower allowed on label

50% Juice extraction

No alcohol limits

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31
Q

Where is the majority of fruit for Sekt grown?

A

Niederosterreich, specifically Weinviertal and Vienna

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32
Q

Who are some notable producers of Austrian Sekt?

A

Hugl Weine

Weingut Brundlmayer

Weingut Schloss Goebelsberg

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33
Q

With regards to grapes, what do the following terms connote?

Frankisch

Heunisch

A

Frankisch: Superior quality varieties

Heunisch: High-yielding varieties

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34
Q

What is a Gemischter Satz?

A

A mixed set, or field blend

It used to be a true field blend of many autochthonous varieties, but replanting after phylloxera was done on a varietal basis. It is rare to find a true field blend now.

For DAC Status: vineyards must be contiguous and each varietal confined to its own area.

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35
Q

What is the most widely planted grape in Austria?

A

Gruner Veltliner

to nearly a third of vineyards

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36
Q

When and where was Muller-Thurgau created? By who? By what grapes?

A

1882 at the Geisenheim Research Institute in Rheingau

Hermann Muller

Riesling x Madeline Royale

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37
Q

What is Morillon?

A

A name for Chardonnay in Styria

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38
Q

What is Samling 88?

A

Scheurebe

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39
Q

What is Muscat-Sylvaner?

A

An old name for Sauvignon Blanc

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40
Q

Who makes the #6 Grand Cuvee Nouvelle Vague?

What is it?

A

Alois Kracher from the village of Illmitz in Burgenland

It is a TBA blend of 50% Welschriesling and 50% Chardonnay

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41
Q

What is the most planted Red Grape in Austria?

A

Zweigelt

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42
Q

In which region would you expect to find the following grapes?

Blaufrankisch
Blauer Portugieser
Blauburger
Sankt Laurent

A

Blaufrankisch: Burgenland

Blauer Portugieser: Weinviertal

Blauburger: Weinviertal

Sankt Laurent: Thermenregion/Northern Burgenland

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43
Q

What are the regions of Lower Austria/Niederosterreich?

A 
Wachau
Kremstal
Kamptal
Wagram
Weinviertal
Thermenregion
Traisental
Carnuntum
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44
Q

What regions of the Niederosterreich are not DACs?

A

Thermenregion and Wagram

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45
Q

What river flows through Wachau?

A

The Danube/The Donnau

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46
Q

What cooperative is central to wine production in the Wachau?

A

Domaine Wachau

Founded as Coop Durnstein

47
Q

What are the tiers of quality for wine from the Wachau?

A

Gebietsweine

Ortswein - Village wine

Riedenwein - single-vineyard wines

48
Q

What level of quality would a Gemischter Satz from Wachau be?

A

Gebietsweine

49
Q

What grapes are permissible for Ortswein?

For Riedenwein?

A 
Gruner Veltliner*
Riesling*
Pinot Gris
Weissburgunder
Neuburger
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
Muskateller
Traminer
50
Q

When was Vinea Wachau established?

By who?

A

1983

Wilhelm Schwengler (Coop Durnstein)
Josepf Jamek
Franz Hirtzberger
Franz Prager

51
Q

What are the KMW/ABV requirements of Wachau wines?

A

Steinfeder: 15 KMW, max. 11.5% ABV

Federspiel: 17 KMW, 11.5-12.5% ABV

Smaragd: 18.2 KMW, min. 12.5% ABV

52
Q

What influences the climate of the Wachau?

A

Warm air from the western Pannonian Plain

Nightly cool air from the north

53
Q

How many meters in elevation results in a degree C drop?

A

150 meters = 1C

54
Q

Is irrigation allowed in Wachau?

A

Yes, it was authorized in 1983

Gruner Veltliner needs plenty of water, and the volcanic soils that make up much of Wachau’s geology tend to drain quickly and retain heat.

55
Q

What defines Emmerich Knolls winemaking style?

A

Ambient Yeasts
No Temperature Control
Neutral Barrels

All combine to make a more textured wine

56
Q

Is new oak allowed for Wachau wine production?

A

Not for Ortswein, Riedenswein, or Vinea Wachau wines.

57
Q

What is the oldest winery in Austria?

A

Nikolaihof

The estate dates back almost 2,000 years

58
Q

In general, what soils do Riesling and Gruner Veltliner favor in the Wachau?

A

Riesling: “Urgestein,” thin top-soil over granite and gneiss. These also tend to be soils at the top of hills.

Gruner: loess, windblown soils from the Alps, and loam. These tend to be soils on lower sites.

59
Q

What event had a large impact on the 1995, 1998, and 2000 vintages in Wachau?

A

Botrytis, leading to a large quantity of Beerenauslese wines.

60
Q

What are some notable vineyards used by Emmerich Knoll?

A 
Schutt
Loibenberg
Kellerberg
Kreutles
Pfaffenberg (Kremstal)
61
Q

What figure is featured on bottles by Emmerich Knoll?

A

St. Urban, patron saint of winemaking

62
Q

What are Vinothekfullung?

A

Special Gruner Veltliner and Riesling bottles from Emmerich Knoll in good vintages.

Comes from a blend of Loibenberg and Kreutles, and botrytised fruit can be included.

63
Q

What is “Unendlich?”

A

Riesling produced by F.X. Pichler first in 1998.

It is composed of the best grapes from across several vineyards.

They also make “M” or monumental cuvees for both Gruner Veltliner and Riesling

64
Q

What was the first Austrian wine estate to be Demeter certified?

A

Nikolaihof

65
Q

What are some top vineyards for Nikolaihof?

A

Steiner Hund
Vom Stein
Im Weingebirge

66
Q

Describe the climate of Kremstal

A

More open and exposed to warmth from the Pannonian Plain and more protected from cool northern winds, it tends to produce riper wines.

It also has more rainfall than the Wachau, so botrytis is more common.

67
Q

Who are some notable producers in Kremstal?

A 
Salomon Undhof
Nigl
Proidl
Malat
Stadt Krems
68
Q

What is the minimum ABV of Kremstal wines:

Kremstal DAC
Kremstal DAC with Ried
Reserve

What is the maximum RS allowed?

A

12%

12.5%

13%

9 g/l RS

69
Q

Nigl’s “Privat” bottling is made from grapes from what vineyard?

A

Seftenberger Piri

It is a 10ha area across 3 plots

Both Gruner and Riesling are made

70
Q

What are some notable vineyards within Kremstal?

A

Hochacker
Pellingen
Goldberg
Pfaffenberg

71
Q

Who makes the “Das Beste” range of wines?

A

Malat, from Gruner Veltliner and Riesling harvested from multiple sites

A very ripe bottling, it can sometimes have up to 15 g/l RS

72
Q

Who is a quality producer of Roter Veltliner?

A

Weingut Mantlerhof

From Reisenthal

73
Q

What is arguably the most important vineyard in Kamptal?

Who produces wine there?

A

Heiligenstein, near the town of Zobing

Brundlmayer
Schloss Goebelsburg
Hirsch

It is a 270-million year old formation of Permian sandstone (a mix of sandstone and volcanic rock). Especially good for Riesling.

74
Q

What three villages claim portions of Gaisberg?

A

Langenlois
Zobing
Strass

75
Q

What are some notable vineyards in Kamptal?

A

Zobing Heiligenstein
Gaisberg
Lamm
Loiserberg

76
Q

What are “Heurigen?”

A

Local taverns that traditionally serve young, uncomplicated wines from local growers.

Historically, they were licensed to sell only food and wine of their own production. This ultimately served as an impediment to the growth of a quality wine industry (since the wine was not intended for export).

77
Q

What regions were formerly included in the broader Donauland?

Until when?

A

Traisental and Wagram

Until 1995

78
Q

Who are some well regarded producers from Wagram?

A

Anton Bauer
Bernhard Ott
Josef Fritz

79
Q

Who are some top producers from Traisental?

A

Markus Huber

Ludwig Neumeyer

80
Q

Who are some notable producers of wine from Weinviertel?

A

Roman Pfaffl

Weinrieder

81
Q

What grapes are allowed for the production of Carnuntum DAC wines?

A 
Blaufrankisch
Zweigelt
Chardonnay
Gruner Veltliner
Pinot Blanc
82
Q

True or False: Riesling is allowed for the production of DAC wines in the Weinviertal?

A

False

83
Q

Who are some notable producers in Carnuntum?

A

Muhr-van de Niepoort

Johannes Trapel

Gerhard Markowitsch

84
Q

What is “Rubin Carnuntum?”

A

100% Zweigelt

min. 18 KMW (12.5% ABV)

6 months in wood

85
Q

What two botrytis-prone grapes are a specialty of Thermenregion?

What town is prized for them?

A

Rotgipfler
Zierfandler

Gumpoldskirchen in the north

86
Q

What city is most closely associated with Heurigen?

A

Vienna

87
Q

What does the DAC for Vienna focus on?

What are the rules governing it?

A

Gemischter Satz

Blends with a minimum of 3 white wine grapes.

No grape can be more than 50%, and each must be at least 10% of the blend.

Single-vineyard bottlings don’t need to be trocken.

88
Q

What figure is most closely associated with the rise of quality Gemischter Satz?

A

Fritz Wieninger

89
Q

What is the warmest region in Austria?

A

Burgenland.

It is an extension of the Pannonian Plain.

90
Q

What are the historic villages on Lake Neusiedl?

A

Rust

Seewinkel

91
Q

What are the DACs of Burgenland?

A 
Neusiedlersee
Leithaberg
Mittelburgenland
Eisenberg
Rosalia
Ruster Ausbruch
92
Q

What wines are allowed by the Neusiedlersee DAC?

A

Zweigelt blends and white pradikatswein (Chardonnay, Welchriesling, Weissburgunder)

Reserve reds must be min. 60% Zweigelt

93
Q

What is Schilfwein, and who pioneered it?

A

Reed wine, or straw wine

Willi Opitz

94
Q

What is Hans Tschida known for producing?

A

Seewinkel producer known for BA and TBA wines.

He also makes a Zweigelt Schilfwein

95
Q

What are the rules governing the production of red wine in the Leithaberg DAC?

A

min. 85% Blaufrankisch, with Pinot Noir, St. Laurent, Zweigelt

They must be aged a minimum of 2 years

96
Q

When did Ruster Ausbruch achieve DAC status?

A

2020

97
Q

Who are some notable producers of Ruster Ausbruch?

A

Heidi Schrock

Ernst Triebaumer

Feiler-Artinger

98
Q

Who is said to have revived Ruster Ausbruch in the 1950s?

A

Gustav Feiler

99
Q

What wines may be produced in Rosalia DAC?

A

Red: min. 85% Blaufrankisch or Zweigelt

Rose is also covered by the DAC, though variety or blend may not be indicated.

Ried wines are permitted for Red Reserve and Rose

100
Q

What are some other names for Blaufrankisch?

A

Lemberger

Kekfrankos

101
Q

What is the minimum ABV for a beverage to be legally classified as wine?

A

5.5% ABV

102
Q

What grapes are allowed in the Mittelburgenland DAC?

What are the quality levels?

A

Min. 85% Blaufrankisch

DAC: 12.5% ABV to 13% ABV

Single Site: 13% to 13.5% ABV

Reserve: min. 13% ABV

103
Q

Mittelburgenland is defined by what geographic features?

What are their effects?

A

Sopron Mountains to the north, Bucklige Welt Hills to the west, Koszeg Mountains the the south. They create a natural amphitheater.

It is protected from the wind, very sunny, and collects warmth from the Pannonian Plains.

104
Q

What are the most celebrated vineyards in Mittelburgenland?

A

Hochacker in Horitschon

Hochberg in Neckenmarkt

Goldberg in Deutschkreutz

105
Q

Who are some notable producers of Mittelburgenland and their stand out cuvees?

A

J. Heinrich
-“Cupido,” Blaufrankisch from the Goldberg Vineyard.

IBY
-Durrau Reserve

Moric
-Neckenmarkt or Lutzmannsburg Blaufrankisch

106
Q

What is “Uhudler?”

A

A foxy-scented non-vinifera Rose and specialty of Heiligenbrunn that officials want to phase out by 2030.

107
Q

Who are some notable producers in Eisenberg DAC?

What is a notable cuvee they make?

A

Jalits
-“Diabas,” Reserve Blaufrankisch

Krutzler
-“Perlwolff,” Blaufrankisch with a dash of Cab Sauv

108
Q

What is the most important red grape of Weststeiermark and what is it used for?

A

Blauer Wildbacher

It is used for the production of Schilcher roses.

109
Q

Where is the “Schmecke das Leben” group located?

A

A group of natural wine minded producers in Styria.

110
Q

Name a quality producer of Sauvignon Blanc from Styira

A

Sattlerhof in Sudsteiermark, who was early to champion dry wines.

Weingut Temet in Sudseiermark, who was early to champion Sauvignon Blanc.

111
Q

What is the most famous village of Vulkanland?

What is its specialty?

A

Kloch

Basalt to the west and tuff to the east (both volcanic soils). Due to their high iron content, the soils appear red in color and gather heat.

Traminer, in both off-dry and dessert styles

112
Q

How large is a Viertal mug? Where would you expect to be served wine in one?

A

250ml

In a Heurigen in Vienna

113
Q

What is “Sturm?”

A

Almost fermented grape must often drunk in early Autumn

Advanced Somm (37 decks)

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