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DPT (Cumulative Final) > CAD (Congestive / Chronic Heart Failure) > Flashcards

CAD (Congestive / Chronic Heart Failure) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Congestive/Chronic Heart Failure?

A

inability of the heart to pump adequate blood through the entire system

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2
Q

CHF results from any structure or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ventricles ability to ____ or _____ blood.

A

Fill or eject

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3
Q

“Big-Hearted Friends”

A

Ventricle walls become too thick (impairs filling)

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4
Q

“Old Underwear”

A

Thin/stretched out ventricle walls (impairs ejection)

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5
Q

Half of the people who develop heart failure die within how many years?

A

5

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6
Q

Causes of CHF

A

-Coronary artery disease
-HTN
-pulmonary HTN (cor pulmonale)

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7
Q

What is Left Sided Heart Failure?

A

Inability of the left ventricle to pump or eject blood enough blood

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of Left Sided Heart Failure?

A

Systolic Dysfunction
Diastolic Dysfunction

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9
Q

What is Systolic Dysfunction in Left Sided Heat Failure?

A

Inability to contract or shorten against a load (weakened heart muscle)

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10
Q

What is Diastolic Dysfunction in Left Sided Heart Failure?

A

Stiff heart muscle during filling of the ventricle/can’t relax normally

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11
Q

What does the delayed relaxation in diastolic dysfunction L sided HF lead to?

A

-reduction in ejection fraction
-pulmonary congestion
-pulmonary hypertension

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12
Q

What is the %EF that classifies someone as high risk for HF?

A

≤40%

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13
Q

What is the primary cause of Left Sided Heart Failure?

A

Previous MI
Long-standing HTN

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14
Q

Signs/symptoms of Left Sided Heart Failure

A

Fatigue
Dyspnea
Wet cough
Pulmonary crackles
Edema

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15
Q

What causes Right-sided Heart Failure

A

Left-sided failure

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16
Q

What is Right-sided Heart Failure?

A

Enlargement of the right ventricle due to high BP in the arteries and lungs

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17
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Right-sided heart failure

A

Fatigue
Pitting edema
S3 heart sound

18
Q

What does an S3 sound indicate?

A

Heart failure or enlarged heart

19
Q

What are crackles?

A

Discontinuous, intermittent, brief popping sounds

20
Q

What are crackles caused by?

A

Fluid in small airways

21
Q

How do we diagnose CHF?

A

Chest radiograph
Echocardiography
EKG
Exercise stress test
Blood test (renal or liver function)

22
Q

What increases as your VO2 peak decreases?

A

Risk of death

23
Q

What VO2 peak classifies end stage heart failure?

A

16 mlkgmin

24
Q

What is the functional classification for Class IV Heart Failure?

A

Experiences heart failure symptoms while at rest

25
Q

What is the functional classification for Class III Heart Failure?

A

Comfortable only at rest

26
Q

What is the functional classification for Class II Heart Failure?

A

Mild symptoms and slight limitation during ordinary activity. Comfortable at rest

27
Q

What is the functional classification for Class I Heart Failure?

A

No symptoms and no limitations

28
Q

Treatment for CHF

A

Surgery
Medications
Exercise
Behavior modification

29
Q

Exercise effects of Heart Failure medications

A

Decreased BP
Decreased HR

30
Q

Peak VO2, Type I fiber characteristics, Cardiac Output and Quality of life all ______ with exercise.

A

Increase

31
Q

Pulmonary ventilation needs and blood lactate _________ with exercise.

A

Decrease

32
Q

CHF FIIT guidelines for aerobic exercise

A

F: 3-5x per week
I: 60%-80% HRR or
RPE 11-14
T: 5-15 minute sessions, increase to 30min/day then 60min/day
T: Non-weightbearing until BP is WNL; long warm-up

33
Q

CHF FIIT guidelines for strength training

A

F: 1-2 non-consecutive days/week
I: 50% of 1RM lower body
40% of 1RM upper body
T: Higher repetition and
lower resistance
Fixed machines (no
free weights
SEATED
T: 1-2 sets for each muscle
group, 10-15 reps

34
Q

CHF FIIT guidelines for flexibility

A

F: 2-3 days/wk
I: to point of feeling
tightness
T: 10-30 sec static hold
2-4 reps each
T: static, dynamic, PNF

35
Q

When should exercise be stopped with CHF patients?

A

-Rapid or irregular heart beat
-heart palpitations

36
Q

If a patients pulse is ________ after resting for 15 minutes, they should call their doctor.

A

120-150 BPM

37
Q

At a respiratory rate of _______, exercise should be terminated

A

> 40 breaths/min

38
Q

Exercise should be modified or terminated with development of _______ and ________.

A

S3 heart sound and pulmonary crackles

39
Q

Exercise should be modified or terminated when HR and BP decrease by _____bpm

A

10

40
Q

CHF FIIT guidelines for strength training

A

F: 1-2 non-consecutive days/week
I: 50% of 1RM lower body
40% of 1RM upper body
T: Higher repetition and lower resistance
T: Fixed machines (no free weights

DPT (Cumulative Final) (19 decks)

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