C2 Proteins Flashcards
What are polypeptides?
Polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.
What are the 8 functions of proteins in a cell?
- Acceleration of chemical reactions.
- Protection against diseases.
- Storage of amino acids.
- Transport of substances.
- Coordination of organism’s activities.
- Response of cell to chemical stimuli.
- Movement.
- Support.
What are the components of proteins?
Have a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, an amino group and a variable of group symbolized as R.
What are the three groups of amino acids
Nonpolar(glycine), polar(serine) and charged amino acids(acidic = aspartic acid, basic = lysine).
What are the four levels of protein structure?
Primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structure.
What is the primary structure of protein and what affects it?
A straight/linear structure consists of a series of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
It is affected by the inherited genetic information.
What is the secondary structure of protein?
The repetitive folding or coiling of polypeptide backbone due to the hydrogen bond formation between peptide linkages.
What is the name of folded protein and coiled protein?
Folded : Beta pleated sheet
Coiled : Alpha helix
What is the tertiary structure?
The overall shape of the polypeptide chains resulted from the interactions between side chains (R) and the various amino acids.
What are the weak interactions in tertiary structure of protein?
- The hydrogen bonds between polar and/or charged areas.
- Ionic bonds between charged R groups.
- Hydrophobic and Van der Waals interactions among hydrophobic non-polar R groups.
What is the one strong interaction in tertiary structure of protein?
Strong covalent bond of disulfide bridges.
What is the quaternary structure of protein?
The overall protein structure resulting from the aggregation of two or more polypeptide subunits.
What are the two types of protein?
Fibrous protein and globular protein.
Three characteristics of fibrous protein and examples.
- Insoluble in water.
- Elongated molecule.
- Dominant structure - Secondary structure.
- Collagen and silk.
Three characteristics of globular protein and examples.
- Soluble in water.
- Compact and spherical in shape.,
- Dominant structure - Tertiary and quaternary structure.
- Enzymes, transport protein, myoglobin.
What happens during denaturation of protein?
- Breaking of weak bonds.
- Protein unravels and loses its shape.
- Protein loses its tertiary or secondary structure.
- Biologically inactive.
