C2-Periodic table Flashcards
What does the group number tell you?
What does the period number tell you?
Group- how many electrons are in the outer shell
Period- how many shells contain electrons
The order of scientists when discovering the periodic table?
Dalton—-> Newlands—-> Mendeleev
Dalton’s idea of the periodic table
-Arranged elements in order of atomic weight
Newlands’ idea of the periodic table
-Arranged elements in order of atomic weight
-Law of octaves where every eight element was similar
Mendeleev’s idea of the periodic table
-Arranged elements based on their properties
-Left gaps for undiscovered elements
-His predictions were true so his model was accepted
Group 1 name?
Group 7 name?
Group 0 name?
1- Alkali metals
7- Halogens
0- Noble gases
Key fact of noble gases?
Metals and non-metals, gain or lose electrons?
They are unreactive
Metals lose electrons
Non-metals gain electrons
Transition and G1 elements
Metallic properties?
Hardness?
Both- Shiny, malleable, ductile, electrical and thermal conductors
TE-hard(except mercury)
G1-soft, easy to cut
Transition and G1 elements
Melting & boiling point?
Float in water?
TE-very high
G1-low
TE-Sink
G1-Li, Na, K all float
Transition and G1 elements
React with water?
React with oxygen?
React with group 7?
TE- No
G1- Rapidly
TE- No, needs heat
G1- Tarnish quickly
TE- When heated
G1- Rapidly
Transition and G1 elements
Ions formed and colour?
Uses?
TE- Varied, varied
G1- 1+, white
TE- Catalysts
G1- Varies
Group 1 reactions with water?
All- fizz, floats, moves
Lithium- eventually disappears
Sodium- forms sphere, disappears
Potassium- self ignites, lilac flame
Reactivity
Going down Group 1?
Going down Group 7?
Group 1- reactivity increases
Group 7- reactivity decreases
2 Halogens properties
Low melting and boiling points
Poor heat and electrical conductors
What is the structure and bonding of halogens?
Exist as diatomic molecules, covalent bonds between the two atoms and weak inter molecular forces
Explain the trend in reactivity in group 1
-Going down the group, reactivity increases
-More electron shells, increase shielding effect
-Decreased attraction between nucleus and outer shell electrons
-Easier to lose electron from outer shell
Explain the trend in reactivity in group 7
-Going down the group, reactivity decreases
-More electron shells, increase shielding effect
-Decreased attraction between nucleus and outer shell electrons
-Harder to gain electron to outer shell
What happens when group 1 metals react with oxygen
Dull surface becomes tarnished
