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Chemistry > C11- Polymers > Flashcards

C11- Polymers Flashcards

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1
Q

Monomers?
Polymers?

A

Small molecules used to create polymers
Huge molecules made up of monomers

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2
Q

Naming polymers
Ethene creates the polymer…?
Propene creates the polymer…?

A

poly(ethene)
poly(propene)

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3
Q

How are polymers created? (addition)
hint:
bonds?
made up of?
length?

A

Alkene molecules join together, the double covalent bond between C atoms opens up. Repeat units (monomers) join together with no fixed length

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4
Q

Addition polymerisation

A

The joining of alkene monomers to form an addition polymer

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5
Q

What can polymers be used for?

A

Plastics

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6
Q

Chemical equation for addition polymerisation

A

n ethene –> section of polymer in brackets w bonds through brackets n

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7
Q

2 Differences between addition and condensation polymerisation?

A

Addition polymerisation: produces an addition polymer; same alkene
Condensation polymerisation: produces a polymer and a small molecule given off; two dif monomers used

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8
Q

How to make a polyester
Word equation of forming a specific polyester?

A

Alcohol monomer (a diol) (-OH) and carboxylic acid monomer (a dicarboxylic acid) (-COOH)
Ethanediol + hexanedioic –> polyester + water

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9
Q

Repeating unit of a condensation polymer

A

Smallest part of the chain that can be drawn over and over to form the polymer chain

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10
Q

What are the monomers that make..
polysaccharide?
enzyme?
protein?
polynucleotide?
polyester?

A

glucose
amino acids
amino acids
nucleotide
diol and carboxylic acid

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11
Q

What 2 equations do glucose monomers make?
What equation does amino acid monomers make?

A

glucose monomers–> starch polymers + water
glucose monomers–> cellulose polymers + water
amino acid monomers–> protein polymers + water

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12
Q

Amino acids functional group?
What are they?
General formula for amino acids?

A

2 functional groups
1. amine group NH2
2. carboxylic acid group COOH
H2N CHR COOH

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13
Q

How are polypeptides and proteins formed?
Formula?

A

The joining of amino acids during condensation polymerisation
n H2N CH2 COOH—> -(HN CH2 CO)-n + nH2O

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14
Q

Difference between starch and cellulose?

A

Starch has a branched structure, cellulose forms straight chains, lined up side by side

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15
Q

What is DNA simply?

A

Large molecule essential for life, codes genetic instructions

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16
Q

How is DNA formed?
What are the products?

A

The condensation polymerisation of nucleotide monomers. Produces DNA and water

17
Q

Structure of DNA
How are the chains linked together?

A

Two polymer chains, made of four different monomers (nucleotides). Creates a double helix. Intermolecular forces between polymer chains

Chemistry (13 decks)

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