C1 - LESSON 3: INTRODUCTION TO THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

Question 1

• How body components respond and interact

Answer 1

Immunology

Question 2

• Hosts reaction when foreign substances are introduced into the body

Answer 2

Immunology

Question 3

• Desirable and undesirable consequences of immune interactions

Answer 3

Immunology

Question 4

• Ways in which the immune system can be advantageously manipulated to protect against or treat disease.

Answer 4

Immunology

Question 5

Role of the immune system

Answer 5

• Defending the body against infections
• Recognizing and responding to foreign antigens
• Defending the body against the development of tumors

Question 6

Cells of the Immune System

Answer 6

• Lymphocytes
• Specialized cells
• Effector cells

Question 7

Principal functions of the major cell types:

Answer 7

• Specific recognition of antigens
• Capture of antigens for display to lymphocytes
• Elimination of antigens

Question 8

Immunology can be defined as the study of a host’s reactions when foreign substances are introduced into the body.

Question 9

A foreign substance that induces such an immune response is called an antigen.

Question 10

Immunology as a science has its roots in the study of immunity, the condition of being resistant to infection.

Question 11

Immunology consists of the following: the study of the molecules, cells, organs, and systems responsible for the (?) of foreign (non-self) material; how body components (?); the desirable and undesirable consequences of (?); and the ways in which the immune system can be advantageously manipulated to (?) against or treat disease.

Answer 11

recognition and disposal

respond and interact

immune interactions

protect

Question 12

Virtually the entire history of immunology has been recorded within the last (?), and it is only in the recent past that the most significant part of this history has been written.

Answer 12

100 years

Question 13

It was not until the (?) that the cells responsible for the immune response were identified and characterized.

Answer 13

1960s

Question 14

At the same time, pioneering techniques to measure small amounts of substances using antibodies with (?) were developed.

Answer 14

radioactive or enzyme tags

Question 15

These discoveries have impacted testing in every area of the laboratory and have played a significant role in the

Answer 15

diagnosis and treatment of disease

Question 16

Immunologists in the Western Hemisphere generally exclude from the study of immunology the relationship among cells during embryonic development.

Question 17

The immune system is composed of a large complex set of widely distributed elements, with distinctive characteristics. Specificity and memory are characteristics of lymphocytes.

Question 18

Various specific and nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate mobility, including T and B lymphocytes, immune-globulins (antibodies), complement, and hematopoietic cells.