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IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY LECTURE > C1 - LESSON 1: DEFINITION OF TERMS > Flashcards

C1 - LESSON 1: DEFINITION OF TERMS Flashcards

1
Q

is defined as resistance to disease, specifically infectious disease.

A

Immunology

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2
Q

Defined as the study of a host’s reactions when foreign substances are introduced into the body

A

Immunology

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3
Q

Diagnostic examination of blood serum and other body fluids with regards to the response of the immune system to pathogens.

A

Serology

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4
Q
  • condition of being resistant to infection
A

• Immunity

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5
Q
  • The phenomenon in which exposure to one infectious agent produces protection against another agent
A

• Cross immunity

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6
Q
  • substance that stimulates antibody formation and has the ability to bind to an antibody
A

• Antigens

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7
Q
  • Any substance that is capable of inducing an immune response.
A

• Immunogen

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8
Q
  • a low-molecular-weight, nonantigenic substance that, when combined with an antigen, changes the antigenic specificity of that antigen.
A

• Hapten

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9
Q
  • glycoprotein substance (immunoglobulin) that is produced by B lymphocytes in response to an antigen.
A

• Antibody

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10
Q
  • derived from a single B-cell clone and are produced as a single class of immunoglobulin with specificity unique to the antigenic stimulus.
A

• Monoclonal antibodies

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11
Q
  • produced as different classes of immunoglobulins by many B-cell clones in response to an antigen
A

• Polyclonal antibodies

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12
Q
  • Antibodies produced in response to antigens from another species
A

• Heteroantibodies or xenoantibodies

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13
Q
  • formed in response to antigens from individuals of the same species
A

• Alloantibodies

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14
Q
  • produced by the body’s immune system against “self” antigens
A

• Autoantibodies

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15
Q
  • part of an antigen that reacts specifically with an antibody or T-cell receptor
A

• Epitope

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16
Q
  • the clumping of particulate antigens by antibodies specific for the antigens.
A

• Agglutination

17
Q
  • is the tendency that an epitope has for combining with the antigen-binding site on an antibody molecule.
A

• Affinity

18
Q
  • strength of the bond between the antigen and the antibody.
A

• Avidity

19
Q
  • smallest amount of antigen or antibody that can be detected.
A

• Sensitivity

20
Q
  • ability of an antibody to bind to an antigen with complementary determinants and not to an antigen with dissimilar determinants.
A

• Specificity

21
Q
  • glycoprotein substances secreted by antigen-stimulated B cells
A

• Immunoglobulins

22
Q
  • It is the predominant immunoglobulin in secretions such as tears, saliva, sweat, breast milk, and respiratory tract, genital, and intestinal secretions
A

• IgA

23
Q
  • exists as a monomer, and its function is unknown.
A

• IgD

24
Q
  • binds to crystallizable fragment (Fc) receptors on mast cells and basophils and is elevated during parasitic infections and Type I allergic reactions
A

• IgE

25
Q
  • is the predominant immunoglobulin in the adult.
A

• IgG

26
Q
  • is the largest of the immunoglobulins, existing as a pentamer.
A

• IgM

27
Q

It is the first immunoglobulin to be produced after exposure to an antigen

A

IgM

28
Q
  • group of proteins synthesized in mononuclear phagocytes, hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and some endothelial cells.
A

• Complement

29
Q
  • A small peptide formed during complement activation that causes increased vascular permeability, contraction of smooth muscle, and release of histamine from basophils and mast cells.
A

• Anaphylatoxins

30
Q
  • A life-threatening response to an allergen characterized by the systemic release of histamine
A

• Anaphylaxis

31
Q

It is also the only immunoglobulin that crosses the placental barrier, thus transferring immunity from mother to infant.

A

• IgG

IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY LECTURE (12 decks)

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