C/5. Agents To Tx HSV, VZV, CMV, RSV. Anti-influenza Agents Flashcards
Drugs need to know in this topic (8)
Acyclovir (Val)aciclovir (Val)Ganciclovir Cidofovir Foscarnet Palivizumab Ribavirin Oseltamivir
Acyclovir
Against HSV1,2, VZV
Prophylaxis for ICPs
Topical, IV, oral
Renal elimination
Oral (minor SEs): GI distress, headache
IV (major SEs): CNS effects, nephrotoxicity
(Val)aciclovir
Against strains resistant to acyclovir
Improved oral bioavailability
(Val)Ganciclovir
1st line for CMV
Prophylaxis for pt undergoing solid dorgan and BM transplantation
HSV1,2, VSV as well
Oral, IV, intraocular implant
Renal elimination
BM suppression Mucositis, gastroenteritis Hepatic dysfunction Seizure in overdose Nephrotoxic
Cidoflovir
HSV, CMV
Acive against acyclovir, and ganciclovir resistance strains
IV
Renal elimination
Nephrotoxicity
Foscarnet
2nd line agent of CMV
Active against acyclovir resistant HSV
IV
Renal elimination
Nephrotoxicity
Electrolyte disorders
Genitourinary, ulceration
CNS effects
Palivizumab
Human monoclonal Ab
Tx for RSV
Prophylaxis for children : prematurity, congenital Hear diease, and brhochopulmonary dysplasia
Parenteral
URTI, rhinitis
Fever, diarrhea, vomiting
Ribavirin
Guanosine analogue
Monophosphate form inhibits IMP dehydrogenase (prevent GMP synthesis)
Triphosphate form inhibits viral RNA polymerase and end-capping of viral RNA
Hepatitis C infection
RSV infection
Influenza A and B, paramyxovirus, HIV, parainfluenza virus
Oral, IV, aerosol
Renal elimination
Drug induced hemolytic anemia (IV)
Conjunctival, bronchial irritation (aerosol)
Teratogenic
Oseltamivir
Inhibits neuraminidase (cleave sialic acid residues from viral proteins and surface proteins of infected cells) promotes virion release, prevent clumping of newly released virions
Influenza A and B
Prophylaxis mainly
Oral
GI distress
Flu-like symptoms
