C/18. Metronidazole. Fidaxomycine. Rifaximin. Pharmacotherapy of abdominal infections.

Question 1

Drugs need to know in this topic

Answer 1

Metronidazole
Fidaxomicin
Rifaximin

Question 2

Metronidazole

Answer 2

Miscellaneous antibiotics
from free radical->interfere with the nucleic acid synthesis
Bactericidal

Anaerobic gram negatives
Clostridium
Gardnella
H. pylori eradication regimen
Brain abcesses
Antiprotozoal;Giardia, Trichomonas, entamoeba

Oral, parenteral
Hepatic metabolism
Inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes

GI distress
Leukopenia
CNS effects
Dark urine

Question 3

Fidaxomicin

Answer 3

Miscellaneous antibiotics
Inhibits bacterial RNA
polymerase
Bactericidal effect

Narrow spectrum
Gram-positive anaerobes
C. difficile

Oral

Negligible due to limited
absorption

Question 4

Rifaximin

Answer 4

Miscellaneous antibiotics
Derivative of rifampicin
Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Gram-positive and -negative
Aerobes and anaerobes
Management of hepatic
encephalopathy

Oral

Negligible due to limited
absorption

Question 5

Pharmacotherapy of abdominal infections.

Intra-abdominal infections

Answer 5

Appendicitis; Ceftriaxone IV and Metronidazole PO/IV

Cholecystitis; Ceftriaxone IV and Ampicillin IV

Diverticulitis; TMP-SMX PO, Piperacillin/Tazobactam IV or
Imipenem/Cilastatin IV (severe)

Peritonitis; Ceftriaxone IV and
Metronidazole PO/IV