C/1. General Considerations Of Antimicrobial Therapy. Disinfectants And Antiseptics

Question 1

General consideration of antibicrobial therapy

Answer 1

1. Spectrum of action
2. Site of injection
3. Pharmacodynamics and pharmakinetics properties
4. Dosage
5. Adverse effect
6. Presence of renal or hepatic failure
7. Drug interactions
8. Cost

Question 2

Drugs need to know in this topic

Answer 2

Ethanol
Isopropanol
Povidone-iodine
Hydrogen peroxide
Chlorhexidine
Oxtenidin dihydrochloride
Invert soaps

Question 3

Ethanol

Isopropanol

Answer 3

Alcohol
Ethanol 70%
Isopropanol 70-90%

Bactericidal
Denature microbial proteins, removal of lipid
Isopropanol is more effective but more toxic

Question 4

Povidone-iodine

Answer 4

Halogen

Pre-operative skin anti-septic

Question 5

Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)

Answer 5

Oxidizing agents
Release of molecular oxygen
For cleansing wounds and for disinfection of contact lense

Question 6

Chlorhexidine

Answer 6

Chlorinated phenols

Against vegetative action, mycobacteria, fungi and viruses
Causing leakage of small molecules and precipitation of cytoplasmic proteins
Used in hospital scrub routines
Ototoxicity

Question 7

Octenidin hydrocholoride

Answer 7

Cationic surfactant

Against gram + and -
Antiseptic prior to medical procedures in cluding on neonates

Question 8

Invert soaps

Answer 8

Cationic surfactant

Synthetic detergents