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Buzzwords > Buzzwords - GI > Flashcards

Buzzwords - GI Flashcards

1
Q

secretin test - leads to reduced gastrin levels except for in…

A

zollinger-ellison syndrome (assoc w/ no suppression of gastrin levels w/ secretin test)
-eval of hypergastrinemia

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2
Q

stim gallbladder contraction and bile release

A

CCK (cholecystokinin)

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3
Q

stim pancreatic release of digestive enzymes

A

CCK (cholecystokinin)

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4
Q

digestive enzyme breaks down fats into fatty acids

A

lipase

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5
Q

digestive enzyme breaks down starches into simple sugars

A

amylase

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6
Q

digestive enzymes (precursors) that break down proteins

A

proteases (trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen)

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7
Q

bicarbonate secretion from pancreas stimulated by?

A

secretin from duodenum

-bicarb activates protease, amylase, lipase

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8
Q

esophagram shows “corkscrew” esophagus

A

diffuse esophageal spasm

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9
Q

esophagram shows “bird’s beak appearance of LES”

A

achalasia (narrowing)

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10
Q

UPPER ENDOSCOPY –> SUPERFICIAL LONGITUDINAL MUCOSAL EROSIONS

A

MALLORY-WEISS SYNDROME

-mc after persistent vomiting post-ETOH binge

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11
Q

dysphagia, esophageal webs, iron-deficiency anemia

atrophic glossitis

A

plummer-vinson syndrome

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12
Q

schatzki ring

A

lower esophageal webs @ squamocolumnar jx

-MC assoc w/ sliding hiatal hernias

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13
Q

multiple peptic ulcers, refractory “kissing” ulcers

A

zollinger-ellison syndrome

-gastric carcinoma

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14
Q

virchow’s node

A

superclaviular LN

–gastric carcinoma

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15
Q

sister mary joseph’s node

A

umbilical LN

-gastric carcinoma

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16
Q

krukenburg tumor

A

ovarian mets

-gastric carcinoma

17
Q

blumer’s shelf

A

palpable nodule on rectal exam

-gastric carcinoma

18
Q

irish sign

A

left axillary LN involvement

-gastric carcinoma

19
Q

albumin lab and liver fx

A

albumin levels decrease w/ liver failure (can’t synthesize protein)

20
Q

charcot’s triad

A

acute cholangitis

-fever, RUQ pain, jaundice

21
Q

reynold’s pentad

A

acute cholangitis

-charcot’s triad (F, RUQ pain, jaundice) + shock + AMS

22
Q

+ boas sign

A

acute cholecystitis

-referred pain to right shoulder subscapular area (phrenic nerve irritation)

23
Q

+ kehr’s sign

A

splenic rupture

-referred pain to left subscapular area due to phrenic nerve irritation

24
Q

Hep B vaccine c/i if allergic to

A

baker’s yeast

25
Q

+ANTI-MITOCHONDRIAL AB HALLMARK

A

primary biliary cirrhosis

26
Q

CULLEN’S SIGN

A

periumbilical ecchymosis

-acute pancreatitis

27
Q

Gray Turner sign

A

flank ecchymosis

-acute pancreatitis

28
Q

sentinel loop on xray

A

localized ileus - dilated small bowel in LUQ

-acute pancreatitis

29
Q

colon cut-off sign on xray

A

abrupt collapse of colon near pancreas

-pancreatitis

30
Q

COURVOISIER’S SIGN

A

palpable, nontender, distended GB assoc w/ jaundice

-ASSOC W/ PANCREATIC CANCER

31
Q

embolus vs thrombus

A

embolus - from a-fib, MI

thrombus - plaque/atherosclerosis

32
Q

barium enema - APPLE CORE LESIONS

A

colon cancer

33
Q

colonoscopy: “SKIP LESIONS” AND “COBBLESTONE APPEARANCE”

A

crohn’s disease

34
Q

barium enema: “STRING SIGN” narrowed/scarred area

A

crohn’s disease

35
Q

barium enema: “STOVE PIPE SIGN” narrowed/scarred area

A

ulcerative colitis

36
Q

BITOT’S SPOTS

A

vitamin A deficiency

white spots on conjunctiva due to squamous metaplasia of corneal epithelium

37
Q

PEA SOUP STOOLS

A

SAMOLNELLA. TYPHI

TYPHOID ENTERIC FEVER

38
Q

Swallowed foreign bodies most commonly obstruct at WHAT level?

A

C6, the cricopharyngeus muscle

aortic arch at the level of T4 is the second mc
gastroesophageal junction at T11 is third mc
tracheal bifurcation at T6 is the fourth mc

39
Q

HEINZ BODIES

A

G6PD deficiency

-denatured globin chains inside of a red cell membrane

Buzzwords (11 decks)

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