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Buzzwords > Buzzwords - EENT > Flashcards

Buzzwords - EENT Flashcards

1
Q

red-rimming of eyelid and eyelash flaking

A

blepharitis

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2
Q

hordeolum

A

stye - staph 90-95%

-internal (meibomian gland)

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3
Q

seidel’s test

A

parting of fluorescein dye by clear stream of aqueous humor from anterior chamber
-globe rupture

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4
Q

hyphema

A

blood in anterior chamber of eye

  • keep at 45 degrees to keep blood from staining cornea
  • optho emergency
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5
Q

teardrop sign on CT of face

A

orbital floor “blowout” fracture

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6
Q

scotomas

A

blind spots, shadows (maybe Macular Degen)

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7
Q

metamorphopsia

A

straight lines appear bent (maybe Macular Degen)

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8
Q

cotton wool spots (soft exudates), hard exudates, blot & dot hemorrhages

A

diabetic retinopathy

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9
Q

copper/silver wiring, AV nicking, flame-shaped hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, papilledema

A

hypertensive retinopathy

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10
Q

normal fundoscopic exam (cup:disc)

A

normal cup less than half the disc (less than 1:2)

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11
Q

shafer’s sign / tobacco dust

A

retinal detachment - clumping of brown-colored pigment cells in anterior vitreous humor in fundo exam

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12
Q

unilateral “curtain coming down” in peripheral initially, then central

A

retinal detachment

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13
Q

temporary “curtain” that “lifts up” usually w/in one hour

A

amaurosis fugax - retinal emboli or ischemia

  • TIA, giant cell arteritis, SLE, CRAO
  • monocular vision loss
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14
Q

eye - preauricular lymphadenopathy, copious watery discharge, scant mucoid discharge, conjunctivitis

A

viral conjunctivitis

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15
Q

difference btw orbital cellulitis and preseptal cellulitis

A

orbital - decreased vision, pain w/ movement

preseptal - no vision change or pain w/ movement

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16
Q

strabismus

A

misalignment of eyes (stable align not until 2-3 mo)
test w/ cover/uncover
-esotropia - convergent (cross-eyed)
-exotropia - divergent (wall-eyed)

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17
Q

marcus-gunn pupil

A

afferent pupillary defect - during swinging-flashlight test from unaffected to affected eye, pupils appear to dilate (should constrict w/ light)
(delayed response of affected optic nerve)

  • positive in papillitis, retrobulbar neuritis
  • negative in papilledema, glaucoma
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18
Q

argyll-robertson pupil

A

near-light dissociation - pupil constricts on accomodation but doesn’t react to bright light
ARP - accommodation reflex present, pupillary reflex absent

-neurosyphilis MC, midbrain lesion, DM neuropathy

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19
Q

conjunctival erythema, steamy cornea, mid-dilated, fixed, nonreactive pupil

A

acute narrow angle-closure glaucoma

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20
Q

cupping of optic discs

A

glaucoma (open or closed angle)

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21
Q

Fundoscopy:
“box car” appearance
pale retina w/ cherry-red macula

A

central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)

22
Q

Fundoscopy:

“blood & thunder” appearance

A

central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) - extensive retinal hemorrhages

23
Q

malignant otitis externa

A

osteomyelitis at skull base 2ry to pseudomonas (mc in DM and immunocompromised)
-tx- IV antipseudomonal: ceftazidime, FQ

24
Q

barotrauma

A

rapid pressure change in ears (airplane descent)

25
Q

weber test

A

place on top of head

  • normal - no lateralization
  • sensorineural loss - lateralizes to normal ear
  • conductive loss - lateralizes to affected ear
26
Q

rinne test

A

place on mastoid by ear

  • normal (positive) - AC>BC
  • sensorineural loss - AC>BC difficulty hearing own voice
  • conductive loss - BC>AC (negative)
27
Q

episodic vertigo, no hearing loss

A

benign positional vertigo

28
Q

episodic vertigo + hearing loss

A

meniere’s

29
Q

continuous vertigo, no hearing loss

A

vestibular neuritis

30
Q

continuous vertigo + hearing loss

A

labyrinthitis

31
Q

horizontal nystagmus, fatigable

A

peripheral vertigo (usually beats away from affected side)

32
Q

vertical nystagmus, nonfatigable

A

central vertigo (brainstem or cerebellar)

33
Q

+ dix-hallpike test/nylan barany

A

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
-patient placed supine w/ head 30 deg lower than body, head quickly turned to 90 deg one side = delayed fatigable horizontal nystagmus

34
Q

black eschar on palate, face

A

mucormycosis (chronic sinusitis caused by fungus, esp in immunocomp patients)

35
Q

water’s view on Xray

A

to view sinuses (but CT scan test of choice)

36
Q

samter’s triad

A

asthma
nasal polyps
aspirin/nsaid sensitivity/allergy

37
Q

nasal polyps

A

allergic rhinitis MC - tx w/ intranasal corticosteroids

can be seen with cystic fibrosis

38
Q

kiesselbach’s plexus

A

mc site for nose bleed in anterior portion (mc area)

39
Q

palatine artery

A

mc site for posterior nose bleed (may cause bleeding in both nares & posterior pharynx)

40
Q

hot potato voice

A

peritonsillar abscess, epiglottitis

41
Q

uvula deviates to contralateral side

A

peritonsillar abscess

42
Q

white curd-like plaques +/- leave behind erythema/bleeds if scraped, painful

A

oral candidiasis

43
Q

painless, white patchy lesion that cannot be scraped off

A

oral leukoplakia

44
Q

lacy leukoplakia of oral mucosa (wickham striae)

A

oral lichen planus

45
Q

trismus

A

lock jaw

-complication of suppurative parotitis or peritonsillar abscess

46
Q

amblyopia

A

lazy eye

  • untreated strabismus (cross/wall eye) can lead to lazy
  • brain ignoring the visual input from the strabismic eye in an attempt to limit diplopia and poor depth perception
47
Q

anisocoria

A

pupil size difference

48
Q

pott puffy tumor

A

Osteomyelitis of the frontal bone

-complication of sinusitis, characterized by edema and swelling of the forehead

49
Q

traumatic retinoschisis along with intracranial or intraocular hemorrhages in a child under 5

A

Shaken baby syndrome (Nonaccidental inflicted neurotrauma)

50
Q

PAINFUL vision loss

A 
acute angle closure glaucoma
optic neuritis
temporal arteritis
corneal abrasion/ulcer
anterior uveitis
iritis
endopthalmitis
51
Q

PAINLESS vision loss

A 
retinal detachment
CRAO
CRVO
vitreous hemorrhage
amaurosis fugax
macular degeneration
CVA

Buzzwords (11 decks)

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