Bronchodilators (week 5) Flashcards
Where are the Beta 2 Adrenergic Receptors located?
Lungs Uterus Select arterioles Liver Skeletal Muscle
Where does bronchial dilation occur?
Lungs
Name a Short Acting Beta2 Agonist (SABA)
Albuterol
What is Albuterol used for?
Quick-relief agent for acute bronchospasm
What is the action of Albuterol?
Stimulate B2 adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscle of bronchi and bronchioles, promoting bronchodilation
What can Albuterol initially cause?
Bronchospasm
What should you assess before administering Albuterol?
Trigger factors, caffeine intake
MAR: Beta blockers, thyroid hormones
PMH: Use of systemic Beta Agonist with DM, Hyperthyroidism, and HTN
What medicine should you use before other inhalants?
Albuterol
Name a Long-Acting Beta2 Agonist (LABA)
Salmeterol (Serevent diskus)
How often should you use Salmeterol (Serevent Diskus)?
Every 12 hours
What is the MOA of Salmeterol (Serevent diskus)?
Produces accumilation of cAMP
What is Salmeterol used for?
Asthma controller, not first choice never use alone
Name a Xanthine
Theophylline (elixophyllin)
What is the MOA of Theophylline (elixophyllin)?
Relax smooth muscles of bronchi by backing receptors for adenosine
What is the use of Theophylline (elixophyllin)?
Second-line agent for long-term control
What are some severe adverse effects of Theophylline (elixophyllin)?
AFib
Tachyarrhythmia
Seizures
What kind of interactions does Theophylline (elixophyllin) have?
Multiple drug-drug
Caffeine
Name an Anticholinergic
Ipratropium (Atrovent)
What is the MOA of Ipratropium (Atrovent)?
Prevents Bronchoconstriction
What Ipratropium (Atrovent) used for?
Maintenance therapy of reversible airway obstruction due to COPD
What drugs fo you use to manage Stable COPD?
LABA
LAMA
ICS
PDE4
What drugs do you use to manage COPD Exacerbations?
SABA SAMA Systemic glucocorticoids Antibiotics Supplemental Oxygen
What are the two treatment goals for COPD?
Reduce symptoms
Reduce risks and mortality
What are the upper respiratory drugs?
Intranasal glucocorticoids Antihistamines Decongestants Antitussives Expectorants Mucolytics
What are the two treatment goals for asthma?
Reducing impairment
Reducing risk
What is the most used combination medications for asthma/COPD?
Long acting beta-agonist and corticosteroid
Name a Long-Acting Antimuscarinic Antagonist (LAMA)
Tiotropium (Spiriva) Inahaltion
What is the MOA of Tiotropium?
Acts as anticholinergic by selectively and reversibly inhibiting M3 receptors in smooth muscle in airways
What is Tiotropium used for?
Maintenance therapy of bronchoconstriction associated with Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema
What are some serious adverse effects of Tiotropium?
Angioedema
Urinary retention
Bowel obstruction
