Beta-Lactam Antibacterial Agents (week 6) Flashcards
What are the 4 Beta-Lactam Antibacterial Agents?
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
If someone is anaphylactic, what drug do you not give?
Beta-Lactum Antibacterial Agents
What is Penicillin (Ampicillin) used for?
Gram-positive bacteria
What are the adverse effects from Pencillin (Ampicillin)?
Diarrhea
Rash
Urticaria
Allergic reaction
C.Diff
What are some baseline info you want to know before administering Penicillin (Ampicillin)?
Cultures
PMH of allergic reaction to other Beta Lactams (Anaphylactic reactions)
History of Mono
How should you administer Penicillin (Ampicillin)?
Oral, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
What do you want to evaluate for after administering Penicillin (Ampicillin)?
Kidney Function
What are the Beta-lactamase Inhibitors?
Clavulanate
Sulbactam
Tazobactam
What Generation is Cefazolin (Ancef)?
1st gen Cephalosporin
What is the use of Cefazolin (Ancef)?
Gram-positive coverage
Given Pre-op Prophylaxis
How is Cefazolin (Ancef) Given?
IM, IV
Where is Cefazolin (Ancef) metabolized?
Not the liver
What are some serious side affects of Cefazolin (Ancef)?
Leukpenia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia
What are some baseline info you want to know before administering Cefazolin (Ancef)?
Culture samples Drug class includes 5 subgroups
PMH os severe allergic reaction to other Beta Lactams
How id Cefazolin (Ancef) administered?
Orally with meals
IM
IV Piggyback
Name a Carbapenem
Imipenem-cilastatin (Primaxin)
What is Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin) used for?
Has an extremely broad spectrum
How is Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin) administered?
IM
IV
What are the common adverse effects of Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin)?
Diarrhea
Nausea
Vomiting
Rash
What are some serious side effects o fImipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin)?
CNS depression
Seizures
What are some contraindications for Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin)?
Cephalosporins (Cefazolin)
What does Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin) interact with?
Probenecid
Cyclosporine
VALPORIC ACID!
Name a Glycopeptide
Vancomycin
What is Vancomycin used for?
Gram positive bacteria
C. Diff
MRSA
How is Vancomycin administered?
IV piggyback (slowly) PO
What are some common adverse effects for vancomycin?
Thrombophlebitis
What are some serious adverse effects for vancomycin?
Renal Failure
Ototoxicity
What are some baseline info you want to know before administering Vancomycin?
Check serum trough levels
PMH of renal impairment or previous hearing loss
Name a monbactam
Aztreanam (Azactam)
What is Aztreanam (Azactam) used for?
Serious gram-negative infections
How is Aztreanam (Azactam) given?
IM
IV
Inhalin
What are some adverse effects of Aztreanam (Azactam)?
Upper airway imitation
Chest discomfort
Cough/Wheezing
Seizures
Anaphylaxis
