Broad Spectrum Antiepileptics

Question 1

broad spectrum antiepileptic names

Answer 1

valproate (welcome to the festiVal sign), topiramate (toupee on spainard), lamotrigine (llama), levetiracetam (elevator)

Question 2

what broad spectrum antiepileptics treat

Answer 2

focal seizures (focal arm shaking guy)
generalized seizures (full body shaking guy) 
juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (a type of generalized seizure disorder - kiddo with shaking arms)

Question 3

topiramate side effects

Answer 3

urolithiasis/kidney stones (cannon with kidney wheels and cannon balls)
somnolence and fatigue (tired soldiers)
confusion and cognitive slowing (soldier scratching head)
weight loss (think armed soldier)
acute angle closure glaucoma (high pressure eye kettle with soldier)

Question 4

how broad spectrum antiepileptics work

Answer 4

increased Na channel inactivation (buckets of peanuts)
valproate - increased GABA levels in the CNS (elevated cab)
topiramate - allosterically binds GABA-A receptor

Question 5

valproate side effects

Answer 5

GI distress/nausea/vomiting (sick emperor)
increased appetite and weight gain (fat emperor)
tremor (trembling weapon)
fatal hepatotoxicity (liver spot on cow)
pancreatitis (squeezed pancreas sponge)
teratogenic causing neural tube defects like spina bifida (spider shields, mother with cerebral cap and blowing in tubes)

Question 6

lamotrigine side effects

Answer 6

stevens-johnson syndrome (SJS/TEN) - sloughed off red mask on llama rider
diplopia (cross eyed llama)

Question 7

levetiracetam side effects

Answer 7

somnolence (sleepy elevator driver)

Question 8

broad spectrum antiepileptic metabolism

Answer 8

by hepatic cytochrome P450